{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101763294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2002.1160083","title":"Stanford interactive workspaces: a framework for physical and graphical user interface prototyping","display_name":"Stanford interactive workspaces: a framework for physical and graphical user interface prototyping","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101763294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2002.1160083","mag":"2101763294"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.2002.1160083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2002.1160083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068034729","display_name":"Jan Borchers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1509-3257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Borchers","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Stanford, USA","Stanford University, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Stanford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017923742","display_name":"Meredith Ringel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ringel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Stanford, USA","Stanford University, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Stanford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037172616","display_name":"Joshua R. Tyler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Tyler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Stanford, USA","Stanford University, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Stanford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088855767","display_name":"Armando Fox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-4931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Fox","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Stanford, USA","Stanford University, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Stanford, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068034729"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1627,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79918886,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"6","first_page":"64","last_page":"69"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7975635528564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workspace","display_name":"Workspace","score":0.6298930644989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5903124809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.5723316073417664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalization","display_name":"Personalization","score":0.5635027289390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.5612080097198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.526157557964325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5063456296920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-automation","display_name":"Home automation","score":0.43931132555007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface","display_name":"Graphical user interface","score":0.42959317564964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.35080116987228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.32912781834602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.26467210054397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.22639688849449158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.14054036140441895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7975635528564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58581272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12741163","display_name":"Workspace","level":3,"score":0.6298930644989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5903124809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.5723316073417664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.5635027289390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.5612080097198486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.526157557964325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5063456296920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C507571656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848436","display_name":"Home automation","level":2,"score":0.43931132555007935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37789001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782543","display_name":"Graphical user interface","level":2,"score":0.42959317564964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.35080116987228394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.32912781834602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.26467210054397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.22639688849449158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.14054036140441895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.2002.1160083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2002.1160083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:152958","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/search?p=id:%22RWTH-CONV-031426%22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE wireless communications 9(6), 64-69 (2002). doi:10.1109/MWC.2002.1160083","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:19806","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1160083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Artikel"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540676857","https://openalex.org/W1948677622","https://openalex.org/W1981994545","https://openalex.org/W1994547327","https://openalex.org/W2099777813","https://openalex.org/W2108134421","https://openalex.org/W2149891956","https://openalex.org/W2154321565","https://openalex.org/W2161969471","https://openalex.org/W4233010461","https://openalex.org/W4233929805","https://openalex.org/W6632318569","https://openalex.org/W6676497953"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992503747","https://openalex.org/W2371519816","https://openalex.org/W2043154226","https://openalex.org/W2369529107","https://openalex.org/W2109948066","https://openalex.org/W2329043542","https://openalex.org/W1999333556","https://openalex.org/W1678858522","https://openalex.org/W3195090107","https://openalex.org/W38056103"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"smart":[1,144,201,236],"homes":[2],"are":[3],"created":[4],"evolutionarily":[5],"by":[6,24],"adding":[7],"more":[8,10,169],"and":[9,46,79,104,111,119,157,195,207,216,233,255],"technologies":[11],"to":[12,41,114,161],"an":[13,67,227],"existing":[14],"home,":[15],"rather":[16],"than":[17],"being":[18],"developed":[19],"on":[20,58,171,240,250],"a":[21,26,37,70,102,125,136,143,146,183],"single":[22],"occasion":[23],"building":[25],"new":[27],"home":[28],"from":[29,89],"scratch.":[30],"This":[31],"incremental":[32],"addition":[33],"of":[34,53,69,81,142,149,165,187,210,243],"technology":[35],"requires":[36],"highly":[38],"flexible":[39,103],"infrastructure":[40,158,249],"accommodate":[42],"both":[43],"future":[44],"extensions":[45],"legacy":[47,112],"systems":[48],"without":[49],"requiring":[50],"extensive":[51,56],"rewiring":[52],"hardware":[54,71],"or":[55,174],"reconfiguration":[57,80],"the":[59,93,163,172,175,188,205,217,224,241,247,256],"software":[60,106,248],"level.":[61],"Stanford's":[62],"iStuff":[63,85,215],"(Interactive":[64],"Stuff)":[65],"provides":[66],"example":[68],"interface":[72,122,152],"abstraction":[73],"technique":[74],"that":[75,108,258],"enables":[76],"quick":[77],"customization":[78],"Smart":[82],"Home":[83],"solutions.":[84],"gains":[86],"its":[87,90],"power":[88],"combination":[91],"with":[92,116,120,159],"Stanford":[94,130],"Interactive":[95,131,176],"Room":[96,132],"Operating":[97],"System":[98],"(iROS),":[99],"which":[100,160,219,251],"creates":[101],"robust":[105],"framework":[107],"allows":[109],"custom":[110],"applications":[113],"communicate":[115],"each":[117],"other":[118],"user":[121,151,212],"devices":[123],"in":[124,223,235],"dynamically":[126],"configurable":[127],"way.":[128],"The":[129],"(iRoom),":[133],"while":[134],"not":[135],"residential":[137],"environment,":[138],"has":[139,220],"many":[140,185],"characteristics":[141],"home:":[145],"wide":[147],"array":[148],"advanced":[150],"technologies,":[153],"abundant":[154],"computation":[155],"power,":[156],"coordinate":[162],"use":[164],"these":[166],"resources":[167],"(for":[168],"information":[170],"iRoom":[173,189],"Workspaces":[177],"project,":[178],"please":[179],"visit":[180],"http://iwork.stanford.edu).":[181],"As":[182],"result,":[184],"aspects":[186],"environment":[190],"have":[191],"strong":[192],"implications":[193],"for,":[194],"can":[196],"be":[197],"intuitively":[198],"translated":[199],"to,":[200],"homes.":[202,237],"In":[203],"particular,":[204],"rapid":[206],"fluid":[208],"development":[209],"physical":[211],"interfaces":[213],"using":[214],"iROS,":[218],"been":[221],"demonstrated":[222],"iRoom,":[225],"is":[226,253],"equally":[228],"powerful":[229],"concept":[230],"for":[231],"designing":[232,261],"living":[234],"Before":[238],"focusing":[239],"details":[242],"iStuff,":[244],"we":[245],"describe":[246],"it":[252],"based":[254],"considerations":[257],"went":[259],"into":[260],"this":[262],"infrastructure.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
