{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212850158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.101.2100233","title":"Realizing Ambient Backscatter Communications with Intelligent Surfaces in 6G Wireless Systems","display_name":"Realizing Ambient Backscatter Communications with Intelligent Surfaces in 6G Wireless Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212850158","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.101.2100233","mag":"3212850158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.101.2100233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.101.2100233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054811310","display_name":"Christos Liaskos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1271-8613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8901234","display_name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/052rphn09","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Liaskos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas,Greece","University of Ioannina, Greece","Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ioannina, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110676344","display_name":"Ageliki Tsioliaridou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8901234","display_name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/052rphn09","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ageliki Tsioliaridou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas,Greece","Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022073151","display_name":"Sotiris Ioannidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9340-2241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55741626","display_name":"Technical University of Crete","ror":"https://ror.org/03f8bz564","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8901234","display_name":"Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas","ror":"https://ror.org/052rphn09","country_code":"GR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sotiris Ioannidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas,Greece","Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Greece","Technical University of Chania, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8901234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Chania, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55741626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062769214","display_name":"Andreas Pitsillides","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5072-2851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34771391","display_name":"University of Cyprus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qjrjx09","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Pitsillides","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cyprus,Cyprus","University of Cyprus, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cyprus,Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cyprus, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044396726","display_name":"Ian F. Akyildiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-3529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34771391","display_name":"University of Cyprus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qjrjx09","country_code":"CY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}],"countries":["CY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian F. Akyildiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cyprus,Cyprus","University of Cyprus, Cyprus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cyprus,Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cyprus, Cyprus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34771391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2785,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79865611,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"178","last_page":"185"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.8140296936035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.654668390750885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.5948494076728821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.43811529874801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4149831235408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37172356247901917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.34851890802383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3101666569709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11769267916679382}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.8140296936035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.654668390750885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.5948494076728821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.43811529874801636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4149831235408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37172356247901917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34851890802383423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3101666569709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11769267916679382}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.101.2100233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.101.2100233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7851657501","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EU833828","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504802477","https://openalex.org/W2068536503","https://openalex.org/W2289760835","https://openalex.org/W2346871083","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2954243242","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3045086480","https://openalex.org/W3105983977","https://openalex.org/W3113108189","https://openalex.org/W3156262338","https://openalex.org/W3196319577","https://openalex.org/W4210540330"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3118170786","https://openalex.org/W3131810941","https://openalex.org/W3183520589","https://openalex.org/W4367296854","https://openalex.org/W2119321652","https://openalex.org/W2120114434","https://openalex.org/W2103650324","https://openalex.org/W1990598748","https://openalex.org/W2541885365","https://openalex.org/W2290782212"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,86],"article":[1,87],"studies":[2],"the":[3,27,55,62,89,115,119,125],"prospects":[4],"of":[5,29,58,91,145],"combining":[6],"two":[7],"promising":[8],"wireless":[9,13,78,121],"technologies":[10],"for":[11],"6G":[12],"systems,":[14],"namely":[15],"ambient":[16,38,59,95,147],"backscatter":[17],"communications":[18],"and":[19,31,83],"Programmable":[20],"Wireless":[21],"Environments":[22],"(PWEs).":[23],"Ambient":[24],"backscattering":[25,96,126,148],"carries":[26],"promise":[28],"battery-less":[30],"perpetually":[32],"operating":[33],"IoT":[34],"devices":[35],"that":[36,102],"\u201csurf\u201d":[37],"electromagnetic":[39],"waves":[40],"rather":[41],"than":[42],"generating":[43],"new":[44],"ones.":[45],"The":[46],"technology,":[47],"however,":[48],"suffers":[49],"from":[50,114],"unstable":[51],"performance":[52],"owing":[53],"to":[54,69,75,93,106,118],"natural":[56],"incoherence":[57],"waves.":[60],"On":[61],"other":[63],"hand,":[64],"PWEs":[65,92],"constitute":[66],"a":[67,77,81,130],"system":[68],"control":[70,113],"intelligent":[71,120,137],"surfaces":[72],"in":[73],"order":[74],"convert":[76],"channel":[79],"into":[80],"software-defined":[82],"slice-able":[84],"resource.":[85],"proposes":[88],"use":[90],"stabilize":[94],"communication":[97],"links.":[98],"It":[99],"is":[100,104,134],"shown":[101],"it":[103],"possible":[105],"\u201coutsource\u201d":[107],"functionalities":[108],"such":[109],"as":[110],"medium":[111],"access":[112],"device":[116,127],"hardware":[117],"environment,":[122],"thereby":[123],"simplifying":[124],"hardware.":[128],"Further,":[129],"future":[131],"research":[132],"direction":[133],"presented":[135],"where":[136],"environments":[138],"can":[139],"be":[140],"built":[141],"via":[142],"mass":[143],"deployments":[144],"miniaturized":[146],"cells.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
