{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391407229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.012.2200365","title":"HAPS for 6G Networks: Potential Use Cases, Open Challenges, and Possible Solutions","display_name":"HAPS for 6G Networks: Potential Use Cases, Open Challenges, and Possible Solutions","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391407229","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.012.2200365"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.012.2200365","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.012.2200365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060300242","display_name":"Omid Abbasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0014-0751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omid Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089921084","display_name":"Animesh Yadav","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-4566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Animesh Yadav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ohio University,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ohio University,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035446029","display_name":"Halim Yan\u0131k\u00f6mero\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-9354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halim Yanikomeroglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017392749","display_name":"Ng\u1ecdc-D\u0169ng \u0110\u00e0o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0199-5599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115038","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/026venb53","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ng\u1ecdc-D\u0169ng \u0110\u00e0o","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd.,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd.,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002431794","display_name":"Gamini Senarath","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115038","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/026venb53","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gamini Senarath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd.,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd.,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102496658","display_name":"Peiying Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8801-3206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115038","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/026venb53","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peiying Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd.,Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd.,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":68.3367,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99917235,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"3","first_page":"324","last_page":"331"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8046520948410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6892455816268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5433105230331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5369738340377808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4895497262477875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.44441360235214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.44099628925323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.37660902738571167}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8046520948410034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6892455816268921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5433105230331421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5369738340377808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4895497262477875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.44441360235214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.44099628925323486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.37660902738571167}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.012.2200365","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.012.2200365","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2477262077","https://openalex.org/W2963360098","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W3081243160","https://openalex.org/W3082474534","https://openalex.org/W3126887806","https://openalex.org/W3156622738","https://openalex.org/W3162978836","https://openalex.org/W3193833039","https://openalex.org/W3216069328","https://openalex.org/W4285159101","https://openalex.org/W4285181313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2303288554","https://openalex.org/W3033750547","https://openalex.org/W2029216794","https://openalex.org/W2047225036","https://openalex.org/W4386698331","https://openalex.org/W2138314731","https://openalex.org/W2093207996","https://openalex.org/W2322468729","https://openalex.org/W2142989636","https://openalex.org/W2168356777"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"altitude":[1,13],"platform":[2],"station":[3],"(HAPS),":[4],"which":[5,75],"is":[6,55],"deployed":[7],"in":[8,21,80],"the":[9,36,61,119,135,140,149,162],"stratosphere":[10],"at":[11],"an":[12],"of":[14,97,115,118,151],"20-50":[15],"kilometres,":[16],"has":[17,44],"attracted":[18],"much":[19,46,56],"attention":[20],"recent":[22],"years":[23],"due":[24],"to":[25,35,60,108,145],"their":[26],"large":[27],"footprint,":[28],"line-ofsight":[29],"links,":[30],"and":[31,54,66,82,92,122,127],"fixed":[32],"position":[33],"relative":[34],"Earth.":[37],"Compared":[38],"with":[39,129],"existing":[40],"network":[41,121,142],"infrastructure,":[42],"HAPS":[43,70,99,153],"a":[45,69,152],"larger":[47],"coverage":[48],"area":[49],"than":[50,58],"terrestrial":[51,130],"base":[52,157],"stations":[53,158],"closer":[57],"satellites":[59],"ground":[62],"users.":[63,147],"Besides":[64],"small-cells":[65],"macro-":[67],"cells,":[68],"can":[71,76],"offer":[72],"one":[73],"mega-cell,":[74],"complement":[77],"legacy":[78,101],"networks":[79],"6G":[81],"beyond":[83],"wireless":[84],"systems.":[85],"This":[86],"article":[87],"explores":[88],"potential":[89],"use":[90],"cases":[91],"discusses":[93],"relevant":[94],"open":[95],"challenges":[96],"integrating":[98],"into":[100],"networks,":[102],"while":[103],"also":[104],"suggesting":[105],"some":[106],"solutions":[107],"these":[109],"challenges.":[110],"The":[111,132],"cumulative":[112],"density":[113],"functions":[114],"spectral":[116],"efficiency":[117],"integrated":[120,141],"cell-edge":[123,146],"users":[124],"are":[125,143,159],"studied":[126],"compared":[128],"networks.":[131],"results":[133],"show":[134],"capacity":[136],"gains":[137],"achieved":[138],"by":[139,161],"beneficial":[144],"Furthermore,":[148],"advantages":[150],"for":[154],"backhauling":[155],"aerial":[156],"demonstrated":[160],"simulation":[163],"results.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}