{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285222776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.011.2100643","title":"Creating Efficient Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Networks in the 6G Era","display_name":"Creating Efficient Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Networks in the 6G Era","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285222776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.011.2100643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.011.2100643","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.011.2100643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059667505","display_name":"Xiangming Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-3503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangming Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Lab,China","Zhejiang Lab, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Lab,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Lab, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005072193","display_name":"Chunxiao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3703-121X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunxiao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University,China","Tsinghua University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059667505"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.2064,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99308119,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"4","first_page":"154","last_page":"160"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7679336667060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.6741935610771179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture","display_name":"Network architecture","score":0.646701455116272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.5431659817695618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-network","display_name":"Core network","score":0.4829768240451813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.47126221656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.45653945207595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-planning-and-design","display_name":"Network planning and design","score":0.4552636444568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-network","display_name":"Telecommunications network","score":0.4331277906894684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.42560291290283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.35385504364967346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.12890419363975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0917421281337738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7679336667060852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.6741935610771179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.646701455116272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.5431659817695618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5038329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Core network","level":2,"score":0.4829768240451813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.47126221656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.45653945207595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114563136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19725982","display_name":"Network planning and design","level":2,"score":0.4552636444568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.4331277906894684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.42560291290283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35385504364967346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.12890419363975525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0917421281337738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.011.2100643","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.011.2100643","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7209202450","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB1804800","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7357315541","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61922050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2344764007","https://openalex.org/W2604436698","https://openalex.org/W2805161269","https://openalex.org/W2894210182","https://openalex.org/W2901220633","https://openalex.org/W2909496071","https://openalex.org/W2955967432","https://openalex.org/W2969103220","https://openalex.org/W3007193003","https://openalex.org/W3011140126","https://openalex.org/W3089706104","https://openalex.org/W3103408716","https://openalex.org/W3134916744","https://openalex.org/W3137434241","https://openalex.org/W3192973400","https://openalex.org/W4255460568"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1523110029","https://openalex.org/W2592147384","https://openalex.org/W580924676","https://openalex.org/W2370646434","https://openalex.org/W4283258522","https://openalex.org/W2092227239","https://openalex.org/W2350436703","https://openalex.org/W4232434308","https://openalex.org/W2106699685","https://openalex.org/W2204626333"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,6,9,42,51,58,67,73,77,82,104,110,119,126,131,137,159,162],"increasing":[2],"communication":[3,111,152],"demands,":[4],"extending":[5],"connectivity":[7],"to":[8,25,66,71,102,115],"rest":[10],"areas":[11],"has":[12,36],"become":[13],"imperative":[14],"for":[15,30,150],"future":[16,176],"6G":[17,56],"networks.":[18,168,183],"The":[19,141],"integrated":[20,52,120,135,181],"satellite-terrestrial":[21,53,121,182],"network":[22,54,75,100,106,122,129,133,148],"is":[23],"promising":[24],"provide":[26,172],"global":[27,151],"broadband":[28],"access":[29],"all":[31],"types":[32],"of":[33,60,69,153,161,166,180],"users,":[34],"which":[35,125],"drawn":[37],"much":[38],"attention":[39],"from":[40,57,86,113],"both":[41],"academia":[43],"and":[44,130,155,178],"industry.":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"article,":[48],"we":[49,80,91,117],"investigate":[50],"towards":[55],"perspective":[59],"systematic":[61],"design.":[62],"Firstly,":[63],"with":[64,76],"respect":[65],"problem":[68],"how":[70],"integrate":[72],"satellite":[74,128],"terrestrial":[78,132],"network,":[79,116],"discuss":[81],"potential":[83],"integration":[84],"architecture":[85,143],"three":[87],"different":[88],"levels.":[89],"Then,":[90],"define":[92],"a":[93],"more":[94],"fundamental":[95],"performance":[96],"indicator":[97],"called":[98],"effective":[99,147],"efficiency":[101,149],"characterize":[103],"actual":[105],"performance.":[107],"By":[108],"designing":[109],"system":[112],"service":[114],"propose":[118],"architecture,":[123],"in":[124],"MEO":[127],"are":[134],"at":[136],"air":[138],"interface":[139],"level.":[140],"proposed":[142],"can":[144],"achieve":[145],"high":[146],"everyone":[154],"everything,":[156],"breaking":[157],"through":[158],"bottleneck":[160],"fixed":[163],"development":[164,179],"mode":[165],"existing":[167],"This":[169],"article":[170],"will":[171],"valuable":[173],"guideline":[174],"on":[175],"research":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}