{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015604758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.001.1900398","title":"Robust Spectrum Sharing in Air-Ground Integrated Networks: Opportunities and Challenges","display_name":"Robust Spectrum Sharing in Air-Ground Integrated Networks: Opportunities and Challenges","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015604758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.001.1900398","mag":"3015604758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.001.1900398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.001.1900398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452902","display_name":"Haichao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-908X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haichao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University, Nanjing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University, Nanjing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100340093","display_name":"Jinlong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5015-5981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinlong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University, Nanjing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University, Nanjing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076455133","display_name":"Guoru Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1780-2547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoru Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University, Nanjing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University, Nanjing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059627050","display_name":"Zhen Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-6986"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University, Nanjing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University, Nanjing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070765572","display_name":"Linyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6374-3261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangnan Institute of Computing Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangnan Institute of Computing Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019608888","display_name":"Yuhua Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4930-940X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhua Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Army Engineering University, Nanjing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Army Engineering University, Nanjing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.6893,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99148867,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"3","first_page":"148","last_page":"155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7931843400001526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.7570598125457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.5721462368965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.55454421043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5517699718475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum-management","display_name":"Spectrum management","score":0.5418686270713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.43319499492645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3796424865722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.36350369453430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3568806052207947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.32077330350875854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7931843400001526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.7570598125457764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.5721462368965149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.55454421043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5517699718475342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63029442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504978","display_name":"Spectrum management","level":4,"score":0.5418686270713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.43319499492645264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3796424865722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.36350369453430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3568806052207947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.32077330350875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.001.1900398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.001.1900398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W2099506495","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2131116400","https://openalex.org/W2268751503","https://openalex.org/W2283268383","https://openalex.org/W2566763967","https://openalex.org/W2755056899","https://openalex.org/W2885293674","https://openalex.org/W2902160827","https://openalex.org/W2944234465","https://openalex.org/W2962751492","https://openalex.org/W2962804513","https://openalex.org/W2964114200","https://openalex.org/W2964125271","https://openalex.org/W3104943459"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2786459840","https://openalex.org/W2545213287","https://openalex.org/W2336181987","https://openalex.org/W2054719951","https://openalex.org/W4389477274","https://openalex.org/W3089664461","https://openalex.org/W1976405282","https://openalex.org/W2392764151","https://openalex.org/W2078869233","https://openalex.org/W2541724026"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"By":[0],"integrating":[1],"UAVs":[2],"into":[3],"terrestrial":[4],"communication":[5],"networks,":[6,87,90],"air-ground":[7,65],"integrated":[8],"networks":[9],"(AGIN)":[10],"have":[11],"shown":[12],"great":[13],"potential":[14],"to":[15,34,46,115],"revolutionize":[16],"wireless":[17,22],"communications":[18],"and":[19,50,54,71,91,121,140],"enhance":[20],"ubiquitous":[21],"services.":[23],"However,":[24],"limited":[25],"spectrum":[26,48,66,78,85,88,92,111,128],"resource":[27],"has":[28],"been":[29],"identified":[30],"as":[31],"a":[32,43,76,96],"bottleneck":[33],"release":[35],"the":[36,62,105,117,137],"benefits":[37],"of":[38,119],"AGIN.":[39,57],"Spectrum":[40],"sharing":[41,67,79,112,129],"is":[42,81,134],"powerful":[44],"technique":[45],"improve":[47],"utilization":[49],"poses":[51],"new":[52],"opportunities":[53],"challenges":[55,139],"in":[56,64,83,113],"This":[58],"article":[59],"first":[60],"elaborates":[61],"characteristics":[63],"from":[68],"state":[69],"uncertainties":[70],"security":[72],"threats":[73],"perspectives.":[74],"Then,":[75],"robust":[77,110,127],"framework":[80],"developed":[82],"which":[84],"utilizing":[86],"monitoring":[89],"clouds":[93],"cooperatively":[94],"form":[95],"cognitive":[97],"dynamic":[98],"close-loop":[99],"control":[100],"system.":[101],"Furthermore,":[102],"we":[103],"discuss":[104],"key":[106],"enabling":[107],"technologies":[108],"for":[109],"AGIN":[114],"tackle":[116],"issues":[118,142],"uncertain":[120],"unknown":[122],"information.":[123],"Next,":[124],"an":[125],"exemplary":[126],"case":[130],"with":[131],"location":[132],"uncertainty":[133],"provided.":[135],"Finally,":[136],"technical":[138],"open":[141],"ahead":[143],"are":[144],"presented.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}