{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969545315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.001.1900159","title":"Secure Transmission via Beamforming Optimization for NOMA Networks","display_name":"Secure Transmission via Beamforming Optimization for NOMA Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969545315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.001.1900159","mag":"2969545315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.001.1900159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.001.1900159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651883","display_name":"Yang Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4744-7008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian University of Technology, Xidian University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian University of Technology, Xidian University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992","https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100656619","display_name":"Nan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6497-7799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian University of Technology, Xidian University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian University of Technology, Xidian University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992","https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102013387","display_name":"Yunfei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8083-1805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunfei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Warwick"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Warwick","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079493679","display_name":"Minglu Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-1642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minglu Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dalian University of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dalian University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002904166","display_name":"Zhiguo Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5280-384X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Manchester"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Manchester","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448724","display_name":"Yonghui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sydney"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sydney","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420016","display_name":"F. Richard Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1006-7594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Richard Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100651883"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I27357992"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9619,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95875867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"193","last_page":"199"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.9084845781326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.85768723487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"Artificial noise","score":0.8079729676246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7949525117874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.7794418334960938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.6769978404045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6203181743621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6134152412414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5861287117004395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-transmission","display_name":"Secure transmission","score":0.5849002003669739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5459082126617432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.48884958028793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.372536838054657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.30521517992019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2988707423210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.28039735555648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.279842346906662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.1611279547214508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.9084845781326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.85768723487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.8079729676246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7949525117874146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.7794418334960938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.6769978404045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6203181743621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6134152412414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5861287117004395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779814227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444882","display_name":"Secure transmission","level":3,"score":0.5849002003669739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5459082126617432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.48884958028793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.372536838054657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.30521517992019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2988707423210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28039735555648804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.279842346906662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.1611279547214508}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwc.001.1900159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwc.001.1900159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146764194","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1284","issn":["1536-1284","1558-0687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:wrap.warwick.ac.uk:118178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400665","display_name":"Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","host_organization_name":"University of Warwick","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901462474","https://openalex.org/W2010412759","https://openalex.org/W2327187098","https://openalex.org/W2551126468","https://openalex.org/W2566155463","https://openalex.org/W2793190854","https://openalex.org/W2807224212","https://openalex.org/W2884423964","https://openalex.org/W2900961289","https://openalex.org/W2911529145","https://openalex.org/W2946618393","https://openalex.org/W2947459282","https://openalex.org/W2951205086","https://openalex.org/W2962683916","https://openalex.org/W2963336322"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993671760","https://openalex.org/W2376754011","https://openalex.org/W3026778509","https://openalex.org/W1979654659","https://openalex.org/W2462883630","https://openalex.org/W2786811319","https://openalex.org/W2949251982","https://openalex.org/W4285103104","https://openalex.org/W2972651196","https://openalex.org/W3031308674"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Owing":[0],"to":[1,17,36,55,78,102,145],"the":[2,25,69,80,88,94,104,109,113,127,147,150],"eminent":[3],"performance":[4],"gain,":[5],"non-orthogonal":[6],"multiple":[7],"access":[8],"(NOMA)":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11],"regarded":[12],"as":[13,159],"a":[14,34,83],"promising":[15],"approach":[16],"achieve":[18],"high":[19],"throughput":[20],"and":[21,59,132,153],"low":[22],"latency":[23],"for":[24,62],"next-generation":[26],"networks.":[27,67],"Nevertheless,":[28],"potential":[29],"adversaries":[30],"can":[31],"still":[32],"pose":[33],"threat":[35],"secure":[37,46,123],"transmission":[38,47],"in":[39,43,87],"NOMA":[40,66,85],"systems.":[41],"Hence,":[42],"this":[44],"article,":[45],"schemes":[48,77],"based":[49],"on":[50],"beamforming":[51,71,124],"optimization":[52,98],"are":[53,135,143,157],"designed":[54],"combat":[56,103],"both":[57],"internal":[58],"external":[60,105],"eavesdropping":[61,138],"downlink":[63],"multi-input":[64],"single-output":[65],"Using":[68],"transmit":[70],"design,":[72],"we":[73],"first":[74],"propose":[75],"two":[76,122],"protect":[79],"privacy":[81],"of":[82,90,129,149],"specific":[84],"user":[86],"presence":[89],"untrusted":[91],"users.":[92],"Then,":[93],"sum":[95],"secrecy":[96],"rate":[97],"problem":[99],"is":[100,118],"studied":[101],"eavesdropper":[106],"through":[107],"optimizing":[108],"precoding":[110],"vectors,":[111],"when":[112],"channel":[114],"state":[115],"information":[116],"(CSI)":[117],"available.":[119],"In":[120],"addition,":[121],"strategies":[125],"with":[126],"help":[128],"artificial":[130],"noise":[131],"inter-user":[133],"interference":[134],"proposed":[136,151],"without":[137],"CSI,":[139],"respectively.":[140],"Simulation":[141],"results":[142],"presented":[144],"demonstrate":[146],"effectiveness":[148],"schemes,":[152],"some":[154],"open":[155],"issues":[156],"discussed":[158],"well.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}