{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410639546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2025.3565848","title":"Near-Field Channel Characterization for Midband ELAA Systems: Sounding, Parameter Estimation, and Modeling","display_name":"Near-Field Channel Characterization for Midband ELAA Systems: Sounding, Parameter Estimation, and Modeling","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410639546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2025.3565848"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mvt.2025.3565848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2025.3565848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98855836","display_name":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine","issn_l":"1556-6072","issn":["1556-6072","1556-6080"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/816710864/Accepted_Author_Manuscript.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089347799","display_name":"Wei Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-4485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-4485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047493987","display_name":"Zhiqiang Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-1651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqiang Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-1651","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016672888","display_name":"Yejian Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-7731"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153300","display_name":"Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfd0826","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yejian Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-7731","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Terahertz Wireless Communications (TWC) Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I4210153300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100434769","display_name":"Jianhua Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-3846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-3846","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102664383","display_name":"Jonathan Borrill","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Borrill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anritsu Corporation, Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anritsu Corporation, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100783680","display_name":"Fengchun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-1232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengchun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-1232","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4075,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80238899,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"87","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11851","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depth-sounding","display_name":"Depth sounding","score":0.7232486009597778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-sounding","display_name":"Channel sounding","score":0.6381499767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6371039748191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.570487916469574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4621610641479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.4507385492324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4427699148654938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.440030038356781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.43053102493286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4298418462276459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4064316749572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.37493106722831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2350461483001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16818919777870178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1476907730102539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.11440899968147278}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55510283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1382947","display_name":"Depth sounding","level":2,"score":0.7232486009597778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781127089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25051821","display_name":"Channel sounding","level":4,"score":0.6381499767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6371039748191833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.570487916469574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4621610641479492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.4507385492324829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4427699148654938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.440030038356781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.43053102493286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4298418462276459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4064316749572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.37493106722831726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2350461483001709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16818919777870178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1476907730102539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.11440899968147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mvt.2025.3565848","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mvt.2025.3565848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98855836","display_name":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine","issn_l":"1556-6072","issn":["1556-6072","1556-6080"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/a53299f2-b820-4ecd-922b-19baeb2e601a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/a53299f2-b820-4ecd-922b-19baeb2e601a","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/816710864/Accepted_Author_Manuscript.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fan, W, Yuan, Z, Lyu, Y, Zhang, J, Borrill, J & Zhang, F 2025, 'Near-Field Channel Characterization for Midband ELAA Systems : Sounding, Parameter Estimation, and Modeling', IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1109/MVT.2025.3565848","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/a53299f2-b820-4ecd-922b-19baeb2e601a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/a53299f2-b820-4ecd-922b-19baeb2e601a","pdf_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/files/816710864/Accepted_Author_Manuscript.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fan, W, Yuan, Z, Lyu, Y, Zhang, J, Borrill, J & Zhang, F 2025, 'Near-Field Channel Characterization for Midband ELAA Systems : Sounding, Parameter Estimation, and Modeling', IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1109/MVT.2025.3565848","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2858085398","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L243002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7242899809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L243002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8133030574","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024M760433","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8307841437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RF1028623309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","funder_display_name":"Southeast University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324856","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410639546.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410639546.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984188038","https://openalex.org/W2038227506","https://openalex.org/W2090195299","https://openalex.org/W2140054070","https://openalex.org/W2238937638","https://openalex.org/W2736115624","https://openalex.org/W2912626650","https://openalex.org/W2941214146","https://openalex.org/W3009149411","https://openalex.org/W3072069827","https://openalex.org/W3202263623","https://openalex.org/W4312549913","https://openalex.org/W4387970079","https://openalex.org/W4399727764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2359663630","https://openalex.org/W1995386335","https://openalex.org/W4245785784","https://openalex.org/W2139620333","https://openalex.org/W2552938499","https://openalex.org/W4245218137","https://openalex.org/W2069912196","https://openalex.org/W2165735144","https://openalex.org/W4232741916","https://openalex.org/W3197746824"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"6G":[0],"communication":[1],"will":[2],"greatly":[3],"benefit":[4],"from":[5],"using":[6,167,206],"extremely":[7],"large-scale":[8,119],"antenna":[9,102],"arrays":[10],"(ELAAs)":[11],"and":[12,27,48,100,125,132,152,186,199],"new":[13],"midband":[14,57,81,140],"spectrums":[15],"(7\u201324":[16],"GHz).":[17],"These":[18],"techniques":[19],"require":[20],"a":[21,76,86,160,168],"thorough":[22],"exploration":[23],"of":[24,29,67,183,192],"the":[25,30,65,68,115,157,181,193,207],"challenges":[26,131],"potentials":[28],"associated":[31],"near-field":[32],"(NF)":[33],"phenomena.":[34],"It":[35],"is":[36,203],"crucial":[37],"to":[38,80,117,122],"develop":[39],"accurate":[40],"NF":[41,136,195],"channel":[42,53,77,137,146,153,196,200],"models":[43,138],"that":[44],"include":[45],"spherical-wave":[46],"propagation":[47],"spatial":[49,187],"nonstationarity":[50],"(SnS).":[51],"However,":[52],"measurement":[54,161,208],"campaigns":[55],"for":[56,134,139],"ELAA":[58,82,141,175],"systems":[59,83,142],"have":[60],"rarely":[61],"been":[62],"reported":[63],"in":[64,163],"state":[66],"art.":[69],"To":[70],"this":[71,73],"end,":[72],"work":[74],"develops":[75],"sounder":[78],"dedicated":[79],"based":[84,110],"on":[85,111],"distributed":[87],"modular":[88],"vector":[89],"network":[90],"analyzer":[91],"(VNA)":[92],"incorporating":[93],"radio":[94],"over":[95],"fiber":[96],"(RoF),":[97],"phase":[98],"compensation,":[99],"virtual":[101,170],"array":[103,173],"(VAA)":[104],"schemes.":[105],"This":[106],"novel":[107],"channel-sounding":[108],"testbed":[109],"off-the-shelf":[112],"VNA":[113],"has":[114],"potential":[116],"enable":[118],"experimentation":[120],"due":[121],"its":[123],"generic":[124],"easily":[126],"accessible":[127],"nature.":[128],"The":[129,190],"main":[130],"solutions":[133],"developing":[135],"are":[143],"discussed,":[144],"including":[145],"sounders,":[147],"multipath":[148],"parameter":[149,197],"estimation":[150],"algorithms,":[151],"modeling":[154,201],"frameworks.":[155],"Besides,":[156],"study":[158],"reports":[159],"campaign":[162],"an":[164],"indoor":[165],"scenario":[166],"720-element":[169],"uniform":[171],"circular":[172],"(UCA)":[174],"operating":[176],"at":[177],"16\u201320":[178],"GHz,":[179],"highlighting":[180],"presence":[182],"spherical":[184],"wavefronts":[185],"nonstationary":[188],"effects.":[189],"effectiveness":[191],"proposed":[194],"estimator":[198],"framework":[202],"also":[204],"demonstrated":[205],"data.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-23T07:36:19.812096","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}