{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121516723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mtas.2006.1607718","title":"Portrayals of engineers in \"science times\"","display_name":"Portrayals of engineers in \"science times\"","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121516723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mtas.2006.1607718","mag":"2121516723"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mtas.2006.1607718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mtas.2006.1607718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101091692","display_name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","issn_l":"0278-0097","issn":["0278-0097","1937-416X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110902487","display_name":"Fiona Clark","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","Dept. of Commun., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Commun., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003602430","display_name":"DEBORAH ILLMAN","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.L. Illman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Technical Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Technical Communication, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6799,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73615725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"12","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13600","display_name":"Science Education and Perceptions","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13600","display_name":"Science Education and Perceptions","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11488","display_name":"Climate Change Communication and Perception","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.9269999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prestige","display_name":"Prestige","score":0.6803192496299744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.6241617798805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.4601931869983673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/science-and-engineering","display_name":"Science and engineering","score":0.45632481575012207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.44300758838653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.39024800062179565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-ethics","display_name":"Engineering ethics","score":0.3661540746688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.3104183077812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.20638811588287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.18553021550178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.143798828125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919978","display_name":"Prestige","level":2,"score":0.6803192496299744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.6241617798805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.4601931869983673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993955422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Science and engineering","level":2,"score":0.45632481575012207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.44300758838653564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.39024800062179565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.3661540746688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3104183077812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20638811588287354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.18553021550178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.143798828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mtas.2006.1607718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mtas.2006.1607718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101091692","display_name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","issn_l":"0278-0097","issn":["0278-0097","1937-416X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W137464229","https://openalex.org/W141727705","https://openalex.org/W198617740","https://openalex.org/W250553205","https://openalex.org/W335455838","https://openalex.org/W335509949","https://openalex.org/W563225772","https://openalex.org/W1505506592","https://openalex.org/W1552131133","https://openalex.org/W1557261616","https://openalex.org/W1582395758","https://openalex.org/W1584958163","https://openalex.org/W1963933099","https://openalex.org/W1964002909","https://openalex.org/W1986503597","https://openalex.org/W1993234108","https://openalex.org/W2008841961","https://openalex.org/W2016448578","https://openalex.org/W2019982088","https://openalex.org/W2021092032","https://openalex.org/W2030318182","https://openalex.org/W2035472222","https://openalex.org/W2037634233","https://openalex.org/W2040851753","https://openalex.org/W2049733966","https://openalex.org/W2056156588","https://openalex.org/W2066935719","https://openalex.org/W2072092369","https://openalex.org/W2079057344","https://openalex.org/W2080548607","https://openalex.org/W2093729486","https://openalex.org/W2100760141","https://openalex.org/W2127338316","https://openalex.org/W2127753431","https://openalex.org/W2146722262","https://openalex.org/W2151860951","https://openalex.org/W2162718077","https://openalex.org/W2168774779","https://openalex.org/W2199625160","https://openalex.org/W2289629195","https://openalex.org/W2312628163","https://openalex.org/W2313351254","https://openalex.org/W2313362375","https://openalex.org/W2323082878","https://openalex.org/W2323435690","https://openalex.org/W2327220985","https://openalex.org/W2328172036","https://openalex.org/W2329365628","https://openalex.org/W2479547308","https://openalex.org/W2487724037","https://openalex.org/W2570763934","https://openalex.org/W2616642269","https://openalex.org/W2767991869","https://openalex.org/W2797858390","https://openalex.org/W3010140429","https://openalex.org/W4206190927","https://openalex.org/W4230690452","https://openalex.org/W4250363508","https://openalex.org/W4292136692","https://openalex.org/W4301966890","https://openalex.org/W6738133884","https://openalex.org/W6746255172"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000180009","https://openalex.org/W4206817137","https://openalex.org/W4244475583","https://openalex.org/W2995742296","https://openalex.org/W2382603448","https://openalex.org/W2978273625","https://openalex.org/W2370250130","https://openalex.org/W2388819925","https://openalex.org/W2372329102","https://openalex.org/W2382929921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Engineering":[0],"plays":[1,150],"a":[2,43,57,66],"crucial":[3],"role":[4,52,154],"in":[5,25,56,89,99,155],"the":[6,17,26,34,47,51,100,139,156],"creation":[7],"of":[8,36,46,60,85,95,115,131,148,158],"technologies":[9],"and":[10,20,29,39,72,97,136,163],"infrastructure":[11],"that":[12,145],"make":[13],"vital":[14],"contributions":[15],"to":[16,22,30],"U.S.":[18,23,48],"economy":[19],"security,":[21],"prestige":[24],"international":[27],"arena,":[28],"individual":[31],"well-being":[32],"through":[33,138],"provision":[35],"jobs,":[37],"services,":[38],"products.":[40],"Despite":[41],"this,":[42],"large":[44],"proportion":[45],"public":[49,116,159],"undervalues":[50],"played":[53],"by":[54,87],"engineers":[55,74,120,162],"wide":[58],"variety":[59],"technologically-based":[61],"activities,":[62],"holds":[63],"engineering":[64,90,149],"as":[65,75,105],"less":[67,76],"prestigious":[68],"occupation":[69],"than":[70,79],"science,":[71],"regards":[73],"socially":[77],"responsible":[78],"scientists.":[80],"In":[81],"addition,":[82],"declining":[83],"levels":[84,114],"enrollment":[86],"Americans":[88,128],"programs,":[91],"together":[92],"with":[93],"under-representation":[94],"women":[96],"minorities":[98],"profession,":[101],"are":[102,122],"also":[103],"seen":[104],"causes":[106],"for":[107,111],"concern.":[108],"The":[109],"reasons":[110],"these":[112],"low":[113],"understanding":[117],"about":[118,134,161],"what":[119],"do":[121],"most":[123],"likely":[124,144],"complex.":[125],"However,":[126],"since":[127],"obtain":[129],"much":[130],"their":[132],"information":[133],"science":[135],"technology":[137],"mass":[140],"media,":[141],"it":[142],"seems":[143],"media":[146],"coverage":[147],"at":[151],"least":[152],"some":[153],"formation":[157],"ideas":[160],"engineering.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}