{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3197844153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mt-its49943.2021.9529318","title":"Planning and optimization of passenger railway services with virtually coupled trains","display_name":"Planning and optimization of passenger railway services with virtually coupled trains","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3197844153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mt-its49943.2021.9529318","mag":"3197844153"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mt-its49943.2021.9529318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mt-its49943.2021.9529318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 7th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052726089","display_name":"Federico Gallo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-4021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Federico Gallo","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIELI University of Genova,DIME,Genoa,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIELI University of Genova,DIME,Genoa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011029089","display_name":"Angela Di Febbraro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-1922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela Di Febbraro","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIELI University of Genova,DIME,Genoa,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIELI University of Genova,DIME,Genoa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008304428","display_name":"Davide Giglio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5489-4412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Giglio","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIELI University of Genova,DIME,Genoa,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIELI University of Genova,DIME,Genoa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016835749","display_name":"Nicola Sacco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3182-7222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Sacco","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIELI University of Genova,DIME,Genoa,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIELI University of Genova,DIME,Genoa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052726089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5903,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84210004,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/train","display_name":"Train","score":0.9332712888717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merge","display_name":"Merge (version control)","score":0.8533268570899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6512563228607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.5686532258987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rail-transportation","display_name":"Rail transportation","score":0.5194398760795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.5046249628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.43695589900016785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4202682375907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4178580641746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.3936317563056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3935352563858032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26729872822761536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.23042303323745728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.11179247498512268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190839683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2448197","display_name":"Train","level":2,"score":0.9332712888717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.8533268570899963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6512563228607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.5686532258987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984780852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3565868","display_name":"Rail transportation","level":2,"score":0.5194398760795593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.5046249628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.43695589900016785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4202682375907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4178580641746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3936317563056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3935352563858032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26729872822761536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.23042303323745728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.11179247498512268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mt-its49943.2021.9529318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mt-its49943.2021.9529318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 7th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems (MT-ITS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unige.it:11567/1057996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11567/1057996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196291","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial Research Information System (University of Genoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","host_organization_name":"University of Genoa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980829550","https://openalex.org/W2087436758","https://openalex.org/W2529971118","https://openalex.org/W2910028902","https://openalex.org/W2914077029","https://openalex.org/W2944848986","https://openalex.org/W2991145188","https://openalex.org/W3016260189","https://openalex.org/W3038013449","https://openalex.org/W3113405933","https://openalex.org/W6787556980"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W649146757","https://openalex.org/W2392716122","https://openalex.org/W4390419160","https://openalex.org/W4292966576","https://openalex.org/W2058153754","https://openalex.org/W134432062","https://openalex.org/W2081175292","https://openalex.org/W2259252078","https://openalex.org/W2763818727","https://openalex.org/W2545085179"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,85],"paper":[1,190],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,7,15,27,46,49,60,64,79,83,88,112,177],"model":[4,33,200,212],"for":[5,139],"designing":[6],"passenger":[8],"railway":[9,114],"service":[10],"in":[11,111,134,145],"the":[12,31,102,109,118,123,137,140,163,171,181,196,199,207,211,218],"framework":[13],"of":[14,73,76,108,173,183,195,198,209,217],"virtual":[16],"coupling":[17],"scenario,":[18],"where":[19],"automated":[20,35],"trains":[21,155],"can":[22,38,66],"be":[23,67,168],"grouped":[24],"to":[25,44,59,100,130,142,147,153,156,167],"form":[26,45],"convoy.":[28],"In":[29,151],"particular":[30,135],"proposed":[32],"considers":[34],"carriages":[36,110,175],"that":[37,63],"virtually":[39],"split":[40],"and":[41,52,105,116,133,180,213],"merge":[42],"together":[43],"train":[47,65,144],"with":[48,206],"time-varying":[50],"composition":[51],"capacity.":[53],"Moreover,":[54],"each":[55,72,126],"carriage":[56],"is":[57],"associated":[58],"destination,":[61],"so":[62],"composed":[68],"by":[69,186],"different":[70,80],"carriages,":[71],"them":[74],"capable":[75],"independently":[77],"taking":[78],"direction":[81],"at":[82,162],"junction.":[84],"work":[86],"describes":[87],"novel":[89],"optimization":[90],"model,":[91],"based":[92],"on":[93,176,201],"an":[94,202],"integer":[95],"mathematical":[96],"programming":[97],"formulation,":[98],"aimed":[99],"determine":[101],"optimal":[103,119],"paths":[104],"departure":[106],"times":[107],"urban":[113],"network,":[115],"thus":[117],"time-variant":[120],"capacity":[121],"along":[122],"path":[124],"between":[125],"pair":[127],"origin-destination,":[128],"according":[129],"transport":[131],"demand":[132],"minimizing":[136],"necessity":[138],"passengers":[141],"change":[143,157,182],"order":[146,152],"reach":[148],"their":[149,158],"destination.":[150],"allow":[154],"composition,":[159],"some":[160,193,215],"maneuvers":[161],"stations":[164],"are":[165],"assumed":[166],"possible,":[169],"like":[170],"parking":[172],"unused":[174],"side":[178],"track":[179,184],"allowed":[185],"appropriate":[187],"switches.":[188],"The":[189],"presents":[191],"also":[192],"results":[194],"implementation":[197],"example":[203],"case":[204],"study,":[205],"aim":[208],"testing":[210],"discussing":[214],"features":[216],"solution.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}