{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954574984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msr.2019.00052","title":"What do Developers Know About Machine Learning: A Study of ML Discussions on StackOverflow","display_name":"What do Developers Know About Machine Learning: A Study of ML Discussions on StackOverflow","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954574984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msr.2019.00052","mag":"2954574984"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msr.2019.00052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msr.2019.00052","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE/ACM 16th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063403084","display_name":"Abdul Ali Bangash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-6061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Ali Bangash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004061048","display_name":"Hareem Sahar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6972-1664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hareem Sahar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061607255","display_name":"Shaiful Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2301-6104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaiful Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110627494","display_name":"Alexander William Wong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander William Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070785370","display_name":"Abram Hindle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4373-4958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abram Hindle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038781215","display_name":"Karim Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5516-1376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karim Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063403084"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1743,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98127372,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"260","last_page":"264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9800999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7853293418884277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-dirichlet-allocation","display_name":"Latent Dirichlet allocation","score":0.7782654762268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6917786598205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6372702121734619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topic-model","display_name":"Topic model","score":0.4991922378540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.48230671882629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4590401351451874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3394005000591278}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7853293418884277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500882744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269236","display_name":"Latent Dirichlet allocation","level":3,"score":0.7782654762268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6917786598205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6372702121734619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171686336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532085","display_name":"Topic model","level":2,"score":0.4991922378540039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.48230671882629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4590401351451874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3394005000591278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msr.2019.00052","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msr.2019.00052","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE/ACM 16th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025892295","https://openalex.org/W2050065895","https://openalex.org/W2104607014","https://openalex.org/W2143244606","https://openalex.org/W2511548333","https://openalex.org/W2805828232","https://openalex.org/W2962875024","https://openalex.org/W3152332785","https://openalex.org/W4230896626","https://openalex.org/W6681323154","https://openalex.org/W6752291054","https://openalex.org/W6755216146"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2769501189","https://openalex.org/W4315588616","https://openalex.org/W4312773271","https://openalex.org/W2888805565","https://openalex.org/W2962686197","https://openalex.org/W3005513013","https://openalex.org/W2207653751","https://openalex.org/W3159709618","https://openalex.org/W2611137333","https://openalex.org/W4389543811"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0],"learning,":[1,32],"a":[2,61,112],"branch":[3],"of":[4,30],"Artificial":[5],"Intelligence,":[6],"is":[7,15,34],"now":[8],"popular":[9],"in":[10,122],"software":[11,24],"engineering":[12],"community":[13],"and":[14,23,37,48,88,118],"successfully":[16],"used":[17],"for":[18],"problems":[19],"like":[20,128],"bug":[21],"prediction,":[22],"development":[25],"effort":[26],"estimation.":[27],"Developers'":[28],"understanding":[29],"machine":[31,67,79,113],"however,":[33],"not":[35],"clear,":[36],"we":[38],"require":[39],"investigation":[40],"to":[41],"understand":[42],"what":[43],"educators":[44],"should":[45],"focus":[46],"on,":[47],"how":[49],"different":[50],"online":[51],"programming":[52],"discussion":[53],"communities":[54],"can":[55,104,110,120],"be":[56],"more":[57,84,91,106,116],"helpful.":[58],"We":[59,75,93],"conduct":[60],"study":[62],"on":[63],"Stack":[64],"Overflow":[65],"(SO)":[66],"learning":[68,80,114],"related":[69],"posts":[70],"using":[71],"the":[72],"SOTorrent":[73],"dataset.":[74],"found":[76,95],"that":[77,96,109],"some":[78],"topics":[81],"are":[82],"significantly":[83],"discussed":[85],"than":[86],"others,":[87],"others":[89],"need":[90],"attention.":[92],"also":[94],"topic":[97],"generation":[98],"with":[99],"Latent":[100],"Dirichlet":[101],"Allocation":[102],"(LDA)":[103],"suggest":[105],"appropriate":[107],"tags":[108],"make":[111],"post":[115],"visible":[117],"thus":[119],"help":[121],"receiving":[123],"immediate":[124],"feedback":[125],"from":[126],"sites":[127],"SO.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-02-15T05:58:04.055770","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
