{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3148526481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3125282","title":"Federated Learning: A signal processing perspective","display_name":"Federated Learning: A signal processing perspective","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3148526481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3125282","mag":"3148526481"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2021.3125282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3125282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.17150","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077036467","display_name":"Tomer Gafni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5906-1428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomer Gafni","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012405763","display_name":"Nir Shlezinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2234-929X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nir Shlezinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066085947","display_name":"Kobi Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0532-009X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124227911","display_name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkyf982","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kobi Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124227911"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005913897","display_name":"Yonina C. Eldar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-5304"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53964585","display_name":"Weizmann Institute of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0316ej306","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonina C. Eldar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Math and Computer Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Math and Computer Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53964585"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042307561","display_name":"H. Vincent Poor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-131X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Vincent Poor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michael Henry Strater University Professor, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michael Henry Strater University Professor, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.9195,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":172,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99588421,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"3","first_page":"14","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.728469967842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.6623644828796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6366377472877502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35780370235443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.29574769735336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.12491714954376221}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.728469967842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.6623644828796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6366377472877502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35780370235443115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.29574769735336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.12491714954376221}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2021.3125282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3125282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.17150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.17150","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.17150","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.17150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.17150","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.17150","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5755329095","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2640/20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322252","funder_display_name":"Israel Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322252","display_name":"Israel Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04sazxf24"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":110,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1561759234","https://openalex.org/W1608944489","https://openalex.org/W1973851222","https://openalex.org/W2027595342","https://openalex.org/W2068143382","https://openalex.org/W2113160737","https://openalex.org/W2124136621","https://openalex.org/W2128011496","https://openalex.org/W2135794028","https://openalex.org/W2140227342","https://openalex.org/W2153620960","https://openalex.org/W2162404506","https://openalex.org/W2170341113","https://openalex.org/W2293423476","https://openalex.org/W2535838896","https://openalex.org/W2541884796","https://openalex.org/W2614254310","https://openalex.org/W2767079719","https://openalex.org/W2769644379","https://openalex.org/W2774000609","https://openalex.org/W2781091734","https://openalex.org/W2788308444","https://openalex.org/W2789911054","https://openalex.org/W2890924858","https://openalex.org/W2900120080","https://openalex.org/W2907379776","https://openalex.org/W2912592113","https://openalex.org/W2913570153","https://openalex.org/W2949505878","https://openalex.org/W2952782294","https://openalex.org/W2955213239","https://openalex.org/W2960833983","https://openalex.org/W2962688627","https://openalex.org/W2963664311","https://openalex.org/W2963803379","https://openalex.org/W2964279249","https://openalex.org/W2969343398","https://openalex.org/W2970408908","https://openalex.org/W2970606380","https://openalex.org/W2975156709","https://openalex.org/W2981138228","https://openalex.org/W2982409974","https://openalex.org/W2983431304","https://openalex.org/W2995653155","https://openalex.org/W2999074226","https://openalex.org/W3006555759","https://openalex.org/W3006919779","https://openalex.org/W3007548213","https://openalex.org/W3011766871","https://openalex.org/W3016621379","https://openalex.org/W3016632787","https://openalex.org/W3021654819","https://openalex.org/W3028318515","https://openalex.org/W3033664100","https://openalex.org/W3034666238","https://openalex.org/W3038028469","https://openalex.org/W3038426846","https://openalex.org/W3042070225","https://openalex.org/W3048715803","https://openalex.org/W3080934299","https://openalex.org/W3081178085","https://openalex.org/W3086809868","https://openalex.org/W3088234149","https://openalex.org/W3090615085","https://openalex.org/W3099980742","https://openalex.org/W3100779497","https://openalex.org/W3102449016","https://openalex.org/W3103802018","https://openalex.org/W3108383389","https://openalex.org/W3111192549","https://openalex.org/W3117560501","https://openalex.org/W3119842887","https://openalex.org/W3121362365","https://openalex.org/W3133480365","https://openalex.org/W3133902371","https://openalex.org/W3139262588","https://openalex.org/W3156841666","https://openalex.org/W3162668736","https://openalex.org/W3175028639","https://openalex.org/W3188302591","https://openalex.org/W4205228770","https://openalex.org/W4210333940","https://openalex.org/W4232355800","https://openalex.org/W4232896127","https://openalex.org/W4252654521","https://openalex.org/W4294106961","https://openalex.org/W4295677899","https://openalex.org/W4297685247","https://openalex.org/W4297687186","https://openalex.org/W4300263211","https://openalex.org/W4318619660","https://openalex.org/W6728757088","https://openalex.org/W6746200960","https://openalex.org/W6746839373","https://openalex.org/W6748019269","https://openalex.org/W6748268456","https://openalex.org/W6748786018","https://openalex.org/W6754416507","https://openalex.org/W6758757267","https://openalex.org/W6759226220","https://openalex.org/W6763780468","https://openalex.org/W6765541894","https://openalex.org/W6768297860","https://openalex.org/W6770634426","https://openalex.org/W6771536673","https://openalex.org/W6774195376","https://openalex.org/W6787161265","https://openalex.org/W6787942926","https://openalex.org/W6788418627","https://openalex.org/W6797751249"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2018871932","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"dramatic":[1],"success":[2,114],"of":[3,12,93,115,121,127],"deep":[4,122],"learning":[5,40,45,73,117,123],"is":[6,41],"largely":[7],"due":[8,35],"to":[9,36,86,107,130],"the":[10,61,91,113,119,125],"availability":[11],"data.":[13,62],"Data":[14],"samples":[15],"are":[16,83,105],"often":[17],"acquired":[18],"on":[19],"edge":[20,52,132],"devices,":[21],"such":[22],"as":[23],"smartphones,":[24],"vehicles,":[25],"and":[26,28,74,80,96,118],"sensors,":[27],"in":[29,64,90,112],"some":[30],"cases":[31],"cannot":[32],"be":[33],"shared":[34],"privacy":[37],"considerations.":[38],"Federated":[39],"an":[42,109],"emerging":[43],"machine":[44,72],"paradigm":[46],"for":[47],"training":[48],"models":[49],"across":[50],"multiple":[51],"devices":[53],"holding":[54],"local":[55],"data":[56],"sets,":[57],"without":[58],"explicitly":[59],"exchanging":[60],"Learning":[63],"a":[65],"federated":[66,116],"manner":[67],"differs":[68],"from":[69,102,124],"conventional":[70],"centralized":[71,128],"poses":[75],"several":[76],"core":[77],"unique":[78],"challenges":[79],"requirements,":[81],"which":[82],"closely":[84],"related":[85],"classical":[87],"problems":[88],"studied":[89],"areas":[92,104],"signal":[94],"processing":[95],"communications.":[97],"Consequently,":[98],"dedicated":[99],"schemes":[100],"derived":[101],"these":[103],"expected":[106],"play":[108],"important":[110],"role":[111],"transition":[120],"domain":[126],"servers":[129],"mobile":[131],"devices.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}