{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3158756671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3050996","title":"The Transition From White Box to Black Box: Challenges and Opportunities in Signal Processing Education","display_name":"The Transition From White Box to Black Box: Challenges and Opportunities in Signal Processing Education","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3158756671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3050996","mag":"3158756671"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2021.3050996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3050996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055646370","display_name":"Manish Narwaria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7789-5322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154549908","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03yacj906","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manish Narwaria","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7789-5322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154549908"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055646370"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154549908"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5805,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58869713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"3","first_page":"163","last_page":"173"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11283","display_name":"Experimental Learning in Engineering","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.7703385949134827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.6510112881660461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6239885687828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5479446053504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-box","display_name":"Black box","score":0.5154982209205627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5084532499313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transition","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","score":0.47110655903816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white","display_name":"White (mutation)","score":0.42376911640167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.38511109352111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37360820174217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.3204615116119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.1925123929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.17233338952064514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.10081341862678528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.7703385949134827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.6510112881660461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6239885687828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5479446053504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94966114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29256","display_name":"Black box","level":2,"score":0.5154982209205627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5084532499313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606712","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.47110655903816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.42376911640167236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.38511109352111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37360820174217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3204615116119385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.1925123929977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.17233338952064514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.10081341862678528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2021.3050996","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2021.3050996","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1939850887","https://openalex.org/W2001771035","https://openalex.org/W2007207888","https://openalex.org/W2056370875","https://openalex.org/W2145482038","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2153290280","https://openalex.org/W2156566307","https://openalex.org/W2168029744","https://openalex.org/W2171349048","https://openalex.org/W2340946984","https://openalex.org/W2508457857","https://openalex.org/W2561975083","https://openalex.org/W2767323091","https://openalex.org/W2777685882","https://openalex.org/W2794095358","https://openalex.org/W2798868307","https://openalex.org/W2808955427","https://openalex.org/W2891874693","https://openalex.org/W2897784549","https://openalex.org/W2919940880","https://openalex.org/W3020975691","https://openalex.org/W3034175346","https://openalex.org/W3035460595","https://openalex.org/W3036843665","https://openalex.org/W3042401681","https://openalex.org/W3046435230","https://openalex.org/W3047391881","https://openalex.org/W3096934581","https://openalex.org/W3097176524","https://openalex.org/W3099319456","https://openalex.org/W3101749733","https://openalex.org/W3103242287","https://openalex.org/W4233183850","https://openalex.org/W4292500969","https://openalex.org/W4295270931","https://openalex.org/W6652464903","https://openalex.org/W6749370627","https://openalex.org/W6754929158","https://openalex.org/W6779886798","https://openalex.org/W6780179280"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368605798","https://openalex.org/W2518037665","https://openalex.org/W2348524959","https://openalex.org/W2477036161","https://openalex.org/W2368049389","https://openalex.org/W2384861574","https://openalex.org/W2170801710","https://openalex.org/W2952704802","https://openalex.org/W4294565801","https://openalex.org/W2142306706"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"engineering":[1],"education":[2,74],"is":[3,22,51,67,90],"increasingly":[4],"assuming":[5],"an":[6,117],"interdisciplinary":[7],"character,":[8],"where":[9],"developments":[10],"in":[11,43,77,131],"one":[12],"area":[13],"almost":[14],"invariably":[15],"affect":[16],"other":[17,135],"areas.":[18],"A":[19],"prominent":[20],"example":[21],"that":[23,102],"of":[24,35,49,57,79,87,107,113,126,138],"signal":[25,72,132],"processing,":[26],"which":[27],"has":[28,115],"undergone":[29],"significant":[30],"changes":[31],"with":[32],"the":[33,47,55,84,103,111,121,127],"emergence":[34],"machine":[36],"learning":[37,41],"(ML)":[38],"and":[39,59,81,105,134],"deep":[40],"(DL)":[42],"recent":[44],"years.":[45],"While":[46],"impact":[48],"ML/DL":[50],"clearly":[52],"visible":[53],"from":[54],"viewpoint":[56],"research":[58],"development":[60],"as":[61,63],"well":[62],"industrial":[64],"applications,":[65],"it":[66],"not":[68],"immediately":[69],"clear":[70],"how":[71],"processing":[73,133],"should":[75],"evolve":[76],"terms":[78],"pedagogy":[80],"content.":[82],"Hence,":[83],"main":[85],"purpose":[86],"this":[88,96],"article":[89],"to":[91,119,124],"provide":[92],"some":[93,125],"insight":[94],"into":[95],"aspect.":[97],"In":[98],"particular,":[99],"we":[100],"emphasize":[101],"introduction":[104],"popularity":[106],"ML/DL,":[108],"especially":[109],"at":[110],"level":[112],"teaching,":[114],"provided":[116],"opportunity":[118],"bring":[120],"focus":[122],"back":[123],"fundamental":[128],"ideas":[129],"rooted":[130],"related":[136],"fields":[137],"study.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
