{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3115142864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2020.2984801","title":"Object Detection Under Rainy Conditions for Autonomous Vehicles: A Review of State-of-the-Art and Emerging Techniques","display_name":"Object Detection Under Rainy Conditions for Autonomous Vehicles: A Review of State-of-the-Art and Emerging Techniques","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3115142864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2020.2984801","mag":"3115142864"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2020.2984801","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2020.2984801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.16471","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mazin Hnewa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7665-5538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135120706","display_name":"University of Baghdad","ror":"https://ror.org/007f1da21","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mazin Hnewa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7665-5538","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering, University of Baghdad, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135120706"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hayder Radha","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hayder Radha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Connected and Autonomous Networked Vehicles for Active Safety program, MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Connected and Autonomous Networked Vehicles for Active Safety program, MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.5151,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":193,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98514737,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"1","first_page":"53","last_page":"67"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.5576000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.5576000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.2754000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.03480000048875809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.8216000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6506999731063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-industry","display_name":"Automotive industry","score":0.5626999735832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5235999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-class-detection","display_name":"Object-class detection","score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.29170000553131104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.8216000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7206000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6506999731063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6363999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6033999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.5626999735832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5235999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71681937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object-class detection","level":5,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019973339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899523","display_name":"Object based","level":3,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25304431","display_name":"Saliency map","level":3,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.2581000030040741}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2020.2984801","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2020.2984801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2006.16471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.16471","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.16471","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2006.16471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.16471","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.16471","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307103","display_name":"Ford Motor Company","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2tkw06"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1485009520","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1986266272","https://openalex.org/W2037936395","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2119112357","https://openalex.org/W2119535410","https://openalex.org/W2121396509","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2150066425","https://openalex.org/W2168356304","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2340897893","https://openalex.org/W2559264300","https://openalex.org/W2562137921","https://openalex.org/W2740982616","https://openalex.org/W2781228439","https://openalex.org/W2912435603","https://openalex.org/W2930755307","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963087201","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963800716","https://openalex.org/W2964115968","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6639480849","https://openalex.org/W6714138976","https://openalex.org/W6734074887","https://openalex.org/W6745992979","https://openalex.org/W6750227808","https://openalex.org/W6750749703","https://openalex.org/W6760782946"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095705906","https://openalex.org/W2975200075","https://openalex.org/W1971759388","https://openalex.org/W2021186063","https://openalex.org/W2025800131","https://openalex.org/W2004370856","https://openalex.org/W2129974284","https://openalex.org/W2007544051","https://openalex.org/W2520844843","https://openalex.org/W2223320490"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Advanced":[0],"automotive":[1],"active":[2],"safety":[3],"systems,":[4],"in":[5,10,39,53,63,81],"general,":[6],"and":[7,19,27,29],"autonomous":[8,85],"vehicles,":[9],"particular,":[11],"rely":[12],"heavily":[13],"on":[14,73],"visual":[15],"data":[16],"to":[17,32],"classify":[18],"localize":[20],"objects,":[21],"such":[22],"as":[23],"pedestrians,":[24],"traffic":[25],"signs":[26],"lights,":[28],"nearby":[30],"cars,":[31],"help":[33],"the":[34,43,64,69,82],"corresponding":[35],"vehicles":[36],"maneuver":[37],"safely":[38],"their":[40],"environments.":[41],"However,":[42],"performance":[44],"of":[45,66,71,84],"object":[46,74],"detection":[47,75],"methods":[48],"could":[49],"degrade":[50],"rather":[51],"significantly":[52],"challenging":[54],"weather":[55],"scenarios,":[56],"including":[57],"rainy":[58],"conditions.":[59],"Despite":[60],"major":[61],"advancements":[62],"development":[65],"deraining":[67],"approaches,":[68],"impact":[70],"rain":[72],"has":[76],"largely":[77],"been":[78],"understudied,":[79],"especially":[80],"context":[83],"driving.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-08-19T15:00:24.278416","created_date":"2021-01-05T00:00:00"}
