{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2809806046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2018.2810300","title":"Closed-Form Impulse Responses of Linear Time-Invariant Systems: A Unifying Approach [Lecture Notes]","display_name":"Closed-Form Impulse Responses of Linear Time-Invariant Systems: A Unifying Approach [Lecture Notes]","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2809806046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2018.2810300","mag":"2809806046"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2018.2810300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2018.2810300","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027009015","display_name":"Behnam Shahrrava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6457-4167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Behnam Shahrrava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Ontario"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Windsor, Ontario","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027009015"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9227,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77487099,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"4","first_page":"126","last_page":"132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9675999879837036,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9675999879837036,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11236","display_name":"Control Systems and Identification","score":0.9384999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.928600013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lti-system-theory","display_name":"LTI system theory","score":0.7811270356178284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse-response","display_name":"Impulse response","score":0.7711749076843262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse-invariance","display_name":"Impulse invariance","score":0.6988152265548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laplace-transform","display_name":"Laplace transform","score":0.6744595766067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-function","display_name":"Transfer function","score":0.6467369794845581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/z-transform","display_name":"Z-transform","score":0.6385007500648499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-system","display_name":"Linear system","score":0.5931276679039001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-domain","display_name":"Time domain","score":0.5489318370819092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infinite-impulse-response","display_name":"Infinite impulse response","score":0.5464644432067871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-filter","display_name":"Linear filter","score":0.5248294472694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.49387556314468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.49253830313682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.4800635278224945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-impulse-response","display_name":"Finite impulse response","score":0.47413015365600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-differential-equation","display_name":"Linear differential equation","score":0.44870203733444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.44061052799224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-equation","display_name":"Differential equation","score":0.4316824674606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-filter","display_name":"Digital filter","score":0.4183722138404846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37733787298202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractional-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","score":0.33925193548202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3206745982170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-analysis","display_name":"Fourier analysis","score":0.2016420066356659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.10407426953315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.07970535755157471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07450905442237854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87698059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1808960","display_name":"LTI system theory","level":3,"score":0.7811270356178284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72279823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139726","display_name":"Impulse response","level":2,"score":0.7711749076843262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79221468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362700","display_name":"Impulse invariance","level":5,"score":0.6988152265548706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97937538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199691","display_name":"Laplace transform","level":2,"score":0.6744595766067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81299745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334269","display_name":"Transfer function","level":2,"score":0.6467369794845581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40046211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135810","display_name":"Z-transform","level":5,"score":0.6385007500648499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6802819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072174","display_name":"Linear system","level":2,"score":0.5931276679039001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.5489318370819092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183816354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665617","display_name":"Infinite impulse response","level":4,"score":0.5464644432067871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139722471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2619517","display_name":"Linear filter","level":3,"score":0.5248294472694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.49387556314468384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.49253830313682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.4800635278224945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198386975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117785","display_name":"Finite impulse response","level":2,"score":0.47413015365600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13982400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129902","display_name":"Linear differential equation","level":3,"score":0.44870203733444214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.44061052799224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78045399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11214","display_name":"Differential equation","level":2,"score":0.4316824674606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36390408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163067","display_name":"Digital filter","level":3,"score":0.4183722138404846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37733787298202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817582","display_name":"Fractional Fourier transform","level":4,"score":0.33925193548202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3206745982170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203024314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365258","display_name":"Fourier analysis","level":3,"score":0.2016420066356659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.10407426953315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.07970535755157471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07450905442237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2018.2810300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2018.2810300","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W593337370","https://openalex.org/W1525243411","https://openalex.org/W1535749512","https://openalex.org/W1579530897","https://openalex.org/W1973137728","https://openalex.org/W2099673257","https://openalex.org/W2783310548"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3007580271","https://openalex.org/W2765889801","https://openalex.org/W2810377961","https://openalex.org/W4312785053","https://openalex.org/W2139145464","https://openalex.org/W41400205","https://openalex.org/W2101548040","https://openalex.org/W2077525098","https://openalex.org/W2493067074","https://openalex.org/W2912776486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,113],"many":[1],"signal":[2],"processing":[3],"applications,":[4],"filtering":[5],"is":[6,58],"accomplished":[7],"through":[8],"linear":[9,15],"time-invariant":[10],"(LTI)":[11],"systems":[12,125],"described":[13,126],"by":[14,44,53,99,127],"constant-coefficient":[16],"differential":[17,128],"and":[18,129],"difference":[19,130],"equations":[20,131],"since":[21],"they":[22],"are":[23],"conveniently":[24],"implemented":[25],"using":[26,68],"either":[27],"analog":[28],"or":[29,48,92,109,143],"digital":[30],"hardware":[31],"[1].":[32],"An":[33],"LTI":[34,94,124],"system":[35,95,104],"can":[36,96],"be":[37,97],"completely":[38],"characterized":[39,98],"in":[40,49,75,106,133],"the":[41,50,59,63,69,73,76,86,107,110,134],"time":[42,135],"domain":[43,52,136],"its":[45,54,100],"impulse":[46,65,121],"response":[47],"frequency":[51,55],"response,":[56],"which":[57],"Fourier":[60,87],"transform":[61,71,141],"of":[62,78,85,123],"system's":[64],"response.":[66],"Equivalently,":[67],"Laplace":[70],"[or":[72],"z-transform":[74],"case":[77],"discrete-time":[79],"(DT)":[80],"systems]":[81],"as":[82],"a":[83],"generalization":[84],"transform,":[88],"any":[89,140],"continuous-time":[90],"(CT)":[91],"DT":[93],"transfer":[101],"function":[102],"(or":[103],"function)":[105],"s-domain":[108],"z-domain,":[111],"respectively.":[112],"this":[114],"article,":[115],"we":[116],"explain":[117],"how":[118],"to":[119,139],"find":[120],"responses":[122],"directly":[132],"without":[137],"resorting":[138],"methods":[142],"recursive":[144],"procedures.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}