{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1989620921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2004.1276119","title":"Technological protection measures in the courts","display_name":"Technological protection measures in the courts","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1989620921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2004.1276119","mag":"1989620921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2004.1276119","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2004.1276119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077474138","display_name":"Rajen Akalu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176714629","display_name":"Bell (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/00xdg8m59","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176714629"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Akalu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell University Labs (BUL), University of Toronto","[Bell University Labs (BUL), University of Toronto]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell University Labs (BUL), University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176714629","https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Bell University Labs (BUL), University of Toronto]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077035168","display_name":"Deepa Kundur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-1847"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Kundur","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077474138"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176714629","https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.5236,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95381164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"109","last_page":"117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13999","display_name":"Digital Rights Management and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13999","display_name":"Digital Rights Management and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11769","display_name":"Copyright and Intellectual Property","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13851","display_name":"Law, AI, and Intellectual Property","score":0.9760000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-millennium-copyright-act","display_name":"Digital Millennium Copyright Act","score":0.770244836807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.5957461595535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-rights-management","display_name":"Digital rights management","score":0.5897002220153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copyright-law","display_name":"Copyright law","score":0.5791398286819458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-era","display_name":"Digital era","score":0.5293182730674744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5116100907325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4744735062122345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3886132836341858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-and-economics","display_name":"Law and economics","score":0.3727419674396515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.3659575283527374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"Intellectual property","score":0.36348891258239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.3118872046470642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.29662302136421204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.17749598622322083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.17265984416007996}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777582869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753379","display_name":"Digital Millennium Copyright Act","level":4,"score":0.770244836807251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5957461595535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537843408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192532","display_name":"Digital rights management","level":2,"score":0.5897002220153809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987650672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1297822","display_name":"Copyright law","level":3,"score":0.5791398286819458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991716581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956129","display_name":"Digital era","level":3,"score":0.5293182730674744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5116100907325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4744735062122345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3886132836341858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3727419674396515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3659575283527374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.36348891258239746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3118872046470642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.29662302136421204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.17749598622322083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.17265984416007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2004.1276119","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2004.1276119","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W173903018","https://openalex.org/W195737769","https://openalex.org/W1482329882","https://openalex.org/W1499804992","https://openalex.org/W1504060166","https://openalex.org/W1591163670","https://openalex.org/W1751081865","https://openalex.org/W1980769559","https://openalex.org/W2042783431","https://openalex.org/W2266539975","https://openalex.org/W2581910068","https://openalex.org/W3124880882","https://openalex.org/W6628608916","https://openalex.org/W6635347332","https://openalex.org/W6637724987","https://openalex.org/W6732560567","https://openalex.org/W7038112720","https://openalex.org/W7064898367"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3161115520","https://openalex.org/W3030761384","https://openalex.org/W3185675579","https://openalex.org/W2044734704","https://openalex.org/W1989887400","https://openalex.org/W2333938629","https://openalex.org/W1877403637","https://openalex.org/W3124824098","https://openalex.org/W3025457542","https://openalex.org/W4241320948"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,50],"is":[2,15,51],"about":[3,16],"the":[4,17,25,34,60,71,78,82],"similarities":[5],"and":[6,12,19,24,40],"differences":[7],"that":[8],"exist":[9],"between":[10],"law":[11],"engineering.":[13],"It":[14,65],"nature":[18],"value":[20],"of":[21,43,48,70],"interdisciplinary":[22],"research":[23],"importance":[26],"this":[27,49],"approach":[28],"will":[29],"have":[30],"in":[31,77],"dealing":[32],"with":[33,37],"problems":[35],"associated":[36],"media":[38],"piracy":[39],"unauthorized":[41],"use":[42],"digital":[44],"information.":[45],"The":[46],"aim":[47],"to":[52,59],"explore":[53],"legal":[54],"reasoning":[55],"as":[56],"it":[57],"applies":[58],"technological":[61],"protection":[62],"measures":[63],"(TPMs).":[64],"was":[66],"done":[67],"through":[68],"consideration":[69],"content":[72],"scramble":[73],"system":[74],"(CSS)":[75],"litigation":[76],"United":[79],"States":[80],"under":[81],"Digital":[83],"Millennium":[84],"Copyright":[85],"Act":[86],"(DMCA).":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
