{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1978864574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2003.1184339","title":"MPEG-21: The 21st century multimedia framework","display_name":"MPEG-21: The 21st century multimedia framework","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1978864574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2003.1184339","mag":"1978864574"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2003.1184339","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2003.1184339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111682524","display_name":"J. Bormans","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Bormans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Multimedia Image Compression Syst. group, IMEC, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia Image Compression Syst. group, IMEC, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022244159","display_name":"Jean Gelissen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131230","display_name":"Philips (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03kw6wr76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122849","https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157667","display_name":"IPS Research (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04q43a127","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157667"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Gelissen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Processing Architectures department, Philips research"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Processing Architectures department, Philips research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157667","https://openalex.org/I4210131230"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054243340","display_name":"Andrew Perkis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-2870"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Perkis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111682524"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":42.23891793,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99726665,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"53","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13999","display_name":"Digital Rights Management and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13999","display_name":"Digital Rights Management and Security","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8358368873596191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.8328936696052551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.6867370009422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6054897308349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5782811641693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5587025284767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-rights-management","display_name":"Digital rights management","score":0.49133625626564026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mpeg-4","display_name":"MPEG-4","score":0.4603564143180847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3499237895011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.340890496969223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.2796964645385742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.169408917427063}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8358368873596191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.8328936696052551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.6867370009422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6054897308349609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5782811641693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5587025284767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537843408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192532","display_name":"Digital rights management","level":2,"score":0.49133625626564026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97501218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219763","display_name":"MPEG-4","level":3,"score":0.4603564143180847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3499237895011902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.340890496969223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.2796964645385742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.169408917427063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msp.2003.1184339","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2003.1184339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120977877","display_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","issn_l":"1053-5888","issn":["1053-5888","1558-0792"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Signal Processing Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1854232297","https://openalex.org/W2095782166","https://openalex.org/W2121739577","https://openalex.org/W2122124877","https://openalex.org/W4250892145"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W2093262417","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W2123131699","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W913131694","https://openalex.org/W650116260","https://openalex.org/W1991845234","https://openalex.org/W2340016505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"lack":[1],"of":[2,12,21,46,54,105,112,135,145,163],"interoperable":[3,73],"(and":[4],"thus":[5],"standardized)":[6],"solutions":[7,125],"is":[8,63,115,119,132],"stalling":[9],"the":[10,22,44,51,55,101,106,136,143],"deployment":[11],"advanced":[13],"multimedia":[14,52,88,128],"packaging":[15],"and":[16,74,86,90,95,103,167],"distribution":[17],"applications":[18,53],"although":[19],"most":[20],"individual":[23],"technologies":[24],"are":[25,72],"indeed":[26],"already":[27],"present.":[28],"This":[29,97],"motivated":[30],"MPEG":[31],"(ISO/IEC":[32],"JTCl":[33],"SC29":[34],"WGI":[35],"I)":[36],"in":[37,149],"June":[38],"2000":[39],"to":[40,64,68,142],"start":[41],"working":[42],"on":[43,170],"definition":[45],"enabling":[47],"normative":[48],"technology":[49,114],"for":[50,126],"21st":[56],"century:":[57],"MPEG-21":[58,107,113,122,150,164],"\"Multimedia":[59],"Framework.\"":[60],"MPEG-21's":[61],"approach":[62],"define":[65],"a":[66,146],"framework":[67],"support":[69],"transactions":[70],"that":[71,139],"highly":[75],"automated,":[76],"specifically":[77],"taking":[78],"into":[79],"account":[80],"digital":[81,153],"rights":[82],"management":[83],"(DRM)":[84],"requirements":[85],"targeting":[87],"access":[89,129],"delivery":[91],"using":[92],"heterogeneous":[93],"networks":[94],"terminals.":[96],"article":[98,158],"first":[99],"outlines":[100],"context":[102],"background":[104],"initiative.":[108],"Then,":[109],"an":[110,161,168],"overview":[111,162],"given.":[116],"Subsequently,":[117],"it":[118],"discussed":[120],"how":[121],"can":[123],"provide":[124],"universal":[127],"(UMA).":[130],"UMA":[131],"also":[133],"one":[134],"use":[137],"cases":[138],"has":[140],"led":[141],"creation":[144],"new":[147],"part":[148],"dealing":[151],"with":[152,160],"item":[154],"adaptation.":[155],"Finally,":[156],"this":[157],"concludes":[159],"related":[165],"activities":[166],"outlook":[169],"future":[171],"developments.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}