{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221039935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2022.3143269","title":"Building Principles for Lawful Cyber Lethal Autonomous Weapons","display_name":"Building Principles for Lawful Cyber Lethal Autonomous Weapons","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221039935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2022.3143269"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msec.2022.3143269","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2022.3143269","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8013/9740698/09740711.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61906035","display_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","issn_l":"1540-7993","issn":["1540-7993","1558-4046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Security &amp; Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8013/9740698/09740711.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085639552","display_name":"Fabio Massacci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1091-8486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT","NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Massacci","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Trento and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315","https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016178915","display_name":"Silvia Vidor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-8077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Vidor","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Trento"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Trento","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085639552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587","https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.837,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76661876,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"101","last_page":"106"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12221","display_name":"Cybersecurity and Cyber Warfare Studies","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6473746299743652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3854472041130066}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6473746299743652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3854472041130066}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/msec.2022.3143269","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2022.3143269","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8013/9740698/09740711.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61906035","display_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","issn_l":"1540-7993","issn":["1540-7993","1558-4046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Security &amp; Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:openaire/85f6d83e-45a0-4736-8952-3451c2069784","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/85f6d83e-45a0-4736-8952-3451c2069784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Massacci, F & Vidor, S 2022, 'Building Principles for Lawful Cyber Lethal Autonomous Weapons', IEEE Security and Privacy, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 101-106. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSEC.2022.3143269","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/338033","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/338033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/msec.2022.3143269","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/msec.2022.3143269","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8013/9740698/09740711.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61906035","display_name":"IEEE Security & Privacy","issn_l":"1540-7993","issn":["1540-7993","1558-4046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Security &amp; Privacy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5356549776","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"830929","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8328119120","display_name":"Observation Platform for Technological and Institutional Consolidation of research in Safety and Security","funder_award_id":"770138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8826631963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020 Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221039935.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221039935.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1547887386","https://openalex.org/W1993552828","https://openalex.org/W1993595248","https://openalex.org/W2039427951","https://openalex.org/W2051629568","https://openalex.org/W2058112964","https://openalex.org/W2077121139","https://openalex.org/W2095881341","https://openalex.org/W2171140150","https://openalex.org/W2612249859","https://openalex.org/W2749200323","https://openalex.org/W2767582048","https://openalex.org/W2960174874","https://openalex.org/W2972154425","https://openalex.org/W2986291326","https://openalex.org/W3006564751","https://openalex.org/W3096291879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880","https://openalex.org/W1596801655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"international":[1],"debate":[2],"on":[3,12],"what":[4],"makes":[5],"lethal":[6,29],"autonomous":[7,30],"weapons":[8],"lawful":[9,27],"only":[10],"focuses":[11],"\u201ckiller":[13],"robots.\u201d":[14],"What":[15],"about":[16],"cyberweapons?":[17],"We":[18],"discuss":[19],"some":[20],"possible":[21],"measures":[22],"and":[23],"design":[24],"principles":[25],"for":[26],"cyber":[28],"weapons.":[31]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
