{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3111932144","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2020.3048200","title":"Mind the Gap: On the Relationship Between Automatically Measured and Self-Reported Productivity","display_name":"Mind the Gap: On the Relationship Between Automatically Measured and Self-Reported Productivity","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3111932144","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2020.3048200","mag":"3111932144"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ms.2020.3048200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2020.3048200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6725529","display_name":"IEEE Software","issn_l":"0740-7459","issn":["0740-7459","1937-4194"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.07428","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021746976","display_name":"Moritz Beller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4852-0526"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Moritz Beller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Probability, Facebook Inc, Menlo Park, California 94025 United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Probability, Facebook Inc, Menlo Park, California 94025 United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081234902","display_name":"Vince Orgovan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vince Orgovan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corp, Redmond, Washington 98052 United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corp, Redmond, Washington 98052 United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029262804","display_name":"Spencer Buja","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spencer Buja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corp, Redmond, Washington 98052 United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corp, Redmond, Washington 98052 United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061605447","display_name":"Thomas Zimmermann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4905-1469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Zimmermann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington 98052 United States","[Research, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington 98052 United States]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington 98052 United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Research, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington 98052 United States]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021746976"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2781,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68741933,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"5","first_page":"24","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holy-grail","display_name":"Holy Grail","score":0.8233569860458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"Productivity","score":0.8210511207580566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6158371567726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.581946611404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.5293643474578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4904591739177704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.44892969727516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.43636026978492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.43200793862342834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.4225567579269409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.33665919303894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.32300084829330444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21739965677261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1789301037788391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.13762500882148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09461739659309387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0913347601890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08147469162940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.07596901059150696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781270358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5885594","display_name":"Holy Grail","level":2,"score":0.8233569860458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.8210511207580566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6158371567726135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.581946611404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5293643474578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4904591739177704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.44892969727516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.43636026978492737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.43200793862342834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4225567579269409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.33665919303894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32300084829330444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21739965677261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1789301037788391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.13762500882148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09461739659309387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0913347601890564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08147469162940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.07596901059150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ms.2020.3048200","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2020.3048200","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6725529","display_name":"IEEE Software","issn_l":"0740-7459","issn":["0740-7459","1937-4194"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2012.07428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.07428","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.07428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3111932144","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.07428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2012.07428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2012.07428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2012.07428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2012.07428","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.07428","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3111932144.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994885765","https://openalex.org/W2580855102","https://openalex.org/W2770290320","https://openalex.org/W2773989484","https://openalex.org/W2774687736","https://openalex.org/W2915232514","https://openalex.org/W2921988748","https://openalex.org/W3213422946","https://openalex.org/W6748271610","https://openalex.org/W6749939558","https://openalex.org/W6804146335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067140434","https://openalex.org/W2220387045","https://openalex.org/W2171812988","https://openalex.org/W2189045249","https://openalex.org/W2058879750","https://openalex.org/W39373893","https://openalex.org/W2550038403","https://openalex.org/W2744827473","https://openalex.org/W1565785276","https://openalex.org/W2896219486","https://openalex.org/W2187312243","https://openalex.org/W1538250500","https://openalex.org/W2402300611","https://openalex.org/W2463649755","https://openalex.org/W2486088846","https://openalex.org/W2904501359","https://openalex.org/W2049647828","https://openalex.org/W19425227","https://openalex.org/W2899501243","https://openalex.org/W1985034421"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Two":[0],"separate":[1],"schools":[2],"of":[3,51],"thought":[4],"to":[5,41],"measure":[6],"software":[7,53],"engineers'":[8],"productivity":[9],"have":[10],"coexisted:":[11],"for":[12],"a":[13],"long":[14],"time:":[15],"on":[16,27],"the":[17,28,43],"one":[18],"hand,":[19,30],"using":[20,31],"automated":[21],"product":[22],"or":[23,33],"process":[24],"measures":[25],"and,":[26],"other":[29],"self-reported":[32],"perceived":[34],"productivity.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"article,":[38],"we":[39],"start":[40],"bridge":[42],"gap":[44],"between":[45],"them":[46],"with":[47],"an":[48],"empirical":[49],"study":[50],"81":[52],"developers":[54],"at":[55],"Microsoft.":[56]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
