{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2873380356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2018.2801546","title":"Blockchain-Enabled E-Voting","display_name":"Blockchain-Enabled E-Voting","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2873380356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2018.2801546","mag":"2873380356"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ms.2018.2801546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2018.2801546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6725529","display_name":"IEEE Software","issn_l":"0740-7459","issn":["0740-7459","1937-4194"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Blockchain_Enabled_2018.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025481201","display_name":"Nir Kshetri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-4212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","ror":"https://ror.org/04fnxsj42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94734805","display_name":"Bryan College","ror":"https://ror.org/01bgnmj50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94734805"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nir Kshetri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Greensboro","Bryan School of Business and Economics, University of North Carolina, Greensboro"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bryan School of Business and Economics, University of North Carolina, Greensboro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94734805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113985843","display_name":"Jeffrey Voas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36326968","display_name":"InterDigital (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02w335z67","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36326968"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Voas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cigital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cigital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36326968"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":35.4529,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":448,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99764033,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"4","first_page":"95","last_page":"99"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9537000060081482,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ballot","display_name":"Ballot","score":0.8880324363708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.7937805652618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.6691583395004272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.617156445980072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.5996344089508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5971142649650574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5587674379348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-voting","display_name":"Electronic voting","score":0.5580146312713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.47182661294937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.47138792276382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.43967780470848083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.23309582471847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.19395121932029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.08387857675552368}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777094542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905151","display_name":"Ballot","level":4,"score":0.8880324363708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.7937805652618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.6691583395004272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.617156445980072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.5996344089508057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5971142649650574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5587674379348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780612046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926161","display_name":"Electronic voting","level":4,"score":0.5580146312713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.47182661294937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.47138792276382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.43967780470848083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23309582471847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.19395121932029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08387857675552368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ms.2018.2801546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ms.2018.2801546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6725529","display_name":"IEEE Software","issn_l":"0740-7459","issn":["0740-7459","1937-4194"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/25524","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Blockchain_Enabled_2018.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/25524","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Blockchain_Enabled_2018.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2873380356.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2873380356.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2160708112","https://openalex.org/W4285182480","https://openalex.org/W2033355099","https://openalex.org/W3044910261","https://openalex.org/W2609184814","https://openalex.org/W4247470445","https://openalex.org/W2287483166","https://openalex.org/W2065670687","https://openalex.org/W2019613772","https://openalex.org/W2363140998"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockchain-enabled":[0],"e-voting":[1],"(BEV)":[2],"could":[3],"reduce":[4],"voter":[5,9],"fraud":[6],"and":[7,27,37,42],"increase":[8],"access.":[10],"Eligible":[11],"voters":[12],"cast":[13],"a":[14,18],"ballot":[15],"anonymously":[16],"using":[17],"computer":[19],"or":[20],"smartphone.":[21],"BEV":[22,35],"uses":[23],"an":[24],"encrypted":[25],"key":[26],"tamper-proof":[28],"personal":[29],"IDs.":[30],"This":[31],"article":[32],"highlights":[33],"some":[34],"implementations":[36],"the":[38],"approach\u2019s":[39],"potential":[40],"benefits":[41],"challenges.":[43]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":79},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":82},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":64},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T09:21:30.201066","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}