{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7101409005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mra.2025.3619330","title":"Clinicians\u2019 Perspectives on Safety, Ethical, and Legal Considerations for Home-Based Physical Rehabilitation Robots: Highlighting Key Themes","display_name":"Clinicians\u2019 Perspectives on Safety, Ethical, and Legal Considerations for Home-Based Physical Rehabilitation Robots: Highlighting Key Themes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7101409005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mra.2025.3619330"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mra.2025.3619330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mra.2025.3619330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132261465","display_name":"IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine","issn_l":"1070-9932","issn":["1070-9932","1558-223X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics &amp; Automation Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Vignesh Velmurugan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8140-4266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vignesh Velmurugan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8140-4266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Patrick Holthaus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-9362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Holthaus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8450-9362","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Farshid Amirabdollahian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farshid Amirabdollahian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mauro Dragone","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauro Dragone","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54797662,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"4","first_page":"77","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12797","display_name":"History of Computing Technologies","score":0.017799999564886093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12797","display_name":"History of Computing Technologies","score":0.017799999564886093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurorehabilitation","display_name":"Neurorehabilitation","score":0.7204999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clarity","display_name":"CLARITY","score":0.7067000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6247000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5760999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workforce","display_name":"Workforce","score":0.4968999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rehabilitation","display_name":"Rehabilitation","score":0.4717000126838684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510101","display_name":"Neurorehabilitation","level":3,"score":0.7204999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.7067000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6247000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5760999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.5052000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.49720001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.4968999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Rehabilitation","level":2,"score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3158000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3001999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779968149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034851","display_name":"Workforce development","level":3,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910057982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Neurological rehabilitation","level":3,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191630685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4027615","display_name":"Informatics","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mra.2025.3619330","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mra.2025.3619330","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132261465","display_name":"IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine","issn_l":"1070-9932","issn":["1070-9932","1558-223X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Robotics &amp; Automation Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018179516","https://openalex.org/W2060352808","https://openalex.org/W2101619420","https://openalex.org/W2150710345","https://openalex.org/W2163233803","https://openalex.org/W2948346099","https://openalex.org/W3049568655","https://openalex.org/W3090965164","https://openalex.org/W3092608441","https://openalex.org/W3094087600","https://openalex.org/W3124429422","https://openalex.org/W3152491979","https://openalex.org/W3213620386","https://openalex.org/W4200619115","https://openalex.org/W4232488826","https://openalex.org/W4238818106","https://openalex.org/W4388483441","https://openalex.org/W4390775870"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"growing":[1],"demand":[2],"for":[3,98,119,128],"neurorehabilitation":[4,65],"is":[5],"driving":[6],"the":[7,20,61,71,96,110,126,152],"development":[8],"of":[9,56,63,113,158],"innovative":[10],"home-based":[11,74],"robotic":[12],"solutions,":[13],"offering":[14,67],"a":[15,53,78,129],"promising":[16],"approach":[17,131],"to":[18,43,117,132,147,150],"alleviate":[19],"strain":[21],"on":[22,104],"health-care":[23],"systems":[24],"burdened":[25],"by":[26],"limited":[27,41],"resources":[28],"and":[29,47,106,109,144,155],"workforce":[30],"shortages.":[31],"Despite":[32],"significant":[33],"technological":[34],"advancements":[35],"in":[36],"rehabilitation":[37,75],"robotics,":[38],"adoption":[39],"remains":[40],"due":[42],"unresolved":[44],"safety,":[45],"legal,":[46],"ethical":[48,111],"concerns.":[49],"This":[50],"study":[51],"provides":[52],"comprehensive":[54,141],"analysis":[55],"these":[57,134,159],"three":[58],"aspects":[59],"from":[60,87],"perspective":[62],"experienced":[64],"clinicians,":[66],"valuable":[68],"insights":[69],"into":[70],"challenges":[72],"surrounding":[73],"robots.":[76],"Using":[77],"qualitative":[79],"approach,":[80],"we":[81],"identified":[82],"eight":[83],"key":[84],"themes":[85,91],"derived":[86],"clinicians\u2019":[88],"feedback.":[89],"These":[90],"underscore":[92],"critical":[93],"areas,":[94],"including":[95,136],"need":[97,127],"robust":[99],"safety":[100],"measures,":[101],"regulatory":[102,148],"clarity":[103],"liability":[105],"data":[107],"privacy,":[108],"imperative":[112],"ensuring":[114],"equitable":[115,156],"access":[116],"technology":[118],"diverse":[120],"user":[121,142],"populations.":[122],"Our":[123],"findings":[124],"highlight":[125],"multifaceted":[130],"overcome":[133],"challenges,":[135],"user-centered":[137],"design,":[138],"rigorous":[139],"testing,":[140],"training,":[143],"necessary":[145],"updates":[146],"frameworks":[149],"ensure":[151],"safe,":[153],"effective,":[154],"deployment":[157],"technologies.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-13T23:11:00.310470","created_date":"2025-10-28T00:00:00"}
