{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1967932853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mprv.2002.1158281","title":"A middleware infrastructure for active spaces","display_name":"A middleware infrastructure for active spaces","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1967932853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mprv.2002.1158281","mag":"1967932853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mprv.2002.1158281","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mprv.2002.1158281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24191132","display_name":"IEEE Pervasive Computing","issn_l":"1536-1268","issn":["1536-1268","1558-2590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Pervasive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085334577","display_name":"Manuel Rom\u00e1n","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Roman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026900770","display_name":"Christopher K. Hess","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Hess","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055409306","display_name":"R. Cerqueira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4809-8320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Cerqueira","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062714879","display_name":"A. Ranganathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0154-6922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ranganathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065622216","display_name":"Roy H. Campbell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3754-7777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.H. Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074224097","display_name":"Klara Nahrstedt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-3043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Nahrstedt","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Illinois Univ., Urbana Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":45.1634,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1086,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99931522,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"4","first_page":"74","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9670000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9442999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ubiquitous-computing","display_name":"Ubiquitous computing","score":0.8446337580680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8253846168518066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.8169423937797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6517283320426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-aware-pervasive-systems","display_name":"Context-aware pervasive systems","score":0.5812780261039734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.5319219827651978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.47013363242149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4547223448753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-awareness","display_name":"Context awareness","score":0.4413028955459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3065483570098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.2473466396331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16357380151748657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.14638477563858032}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172195944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541265","display_name":"Ubiquitous computing","level":2,"score":0.8446337580680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8253846168518066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.8169423937797546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6517283320426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48052980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4231629","display_name":"Context-aware pervasive systems","level":3,"score":0.5812780261039734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.5319219827651978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.47013363242149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4547223448753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781368080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501688","display_name":"Context awareness","level":3,"score":0.4413028955459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3065483570098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2473466396331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16357380151748657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.14638477563858032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mprv.2002.1158281","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mprv.2002.1158281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S24191132","display_name":"IEEE Pervasive Computing","issn_l":"1536-1268","issn":["1536-1268","1558-2590"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Pervasive Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313925","display_name":"De La Salle University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xftk194"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53176000","https://openalex.org/W1539259921","https://openalex.org/W1542264733","https://openalex.org/W1561006926","https://openalex.org/W1595507790","https://openalex.org/W1645619290","https://openalex.org/W1712859369","https://openalex.org/W1981404401","https://openalex.org/W2004797925","https://openalex.org/W2066573099","https://openalex.org/W2097842516","https://openalex.org/W2128026023","https://openalex.org/W2131415946","https://openalex.org/W2139505180","https://openalex.org/W2139921445","https://openalex.org/W2158683916","https://openalex.org/W2160170050","https://openalex.org/W2162184779","https://openalex.org/W2165093385","https://openalex.org/W2167773895","https://openalex.org/W2185940565","https://openalex.org/W2470201778","https://openalex.org/W2751601659","https://openalex.org/W3152703111","https://openalex.org/W4230338917","https://openalex.org/W4236342787","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602121429"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156255767","https://openalex.org/W2800927881","https://openalex.org/W1540201930","https://openalex.org/W1553902753","https://openalex.org/W305473015","https://openalex.org/W2543142712","https://openalex.org/W2090498639","https://openalex.org/W2739586290","https://openalex.org/W2114035912","https://openalex.org/W1493658939"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"paper":[1],"discusses":[2],"the":[3,9],"Gaia":[4,27],"metaoperating":[5],"system":[6],"which":[7],"extends":[8],"reach":[10],"of":[11],"traditional":[12],"operating":[13],"systems":[14],"to":[15,30,43],"manage":[16],"ubiquitous":[17],"computing":[18],"habitats":[19],"and":[20,33,37,39,49],"living":[21],"spaces":[22],"as":[23],"integrated":[24],"programmable":[25],"environments.":[26],"exports":[28],"services":[29],"query,":[31],"access,":[32],"use":[34],"existing":[35],"resources":[36],"context,":[38],"provides":[40],"a":[41],"framework":[42],"develop":[44],"user-centric,":[45],"resource-aware,":[46],"multidevice,":[47],"context-sensitive,":[48],"mobile":[50],"applications.":[51]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":85}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}