{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412560661","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast65744.2025.11083955","title":"Integrating P-Bits in MTJs: A Bridge to Efficient Stochastic Computing","display_name":"Integrating P-Bits in MTJs: A Bridge to Efficient Stochastic Computing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412560661","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast65744.2025.11083955"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mocast65744.2025.11083955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast65744.2025.11083955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 14th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081186426","display_name":"Nellie Laleni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2445-9989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nellie Laleni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119040028","display_name":"Sina Ranjbar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sina Ranjbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060248240","display_name":"Ran Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6196-2890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058086559","display_name":"Andreas Tsiougkos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0791-4449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Tsiougkos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046369853","display_name":"Nandakishor Yadav","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8270-1366"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nandakishor Yadav","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031542707","display_name":"Vasilis F. Pavlidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4063-4652"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21370196","display_name":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki","ror":"https://ror.org/02j61yw88","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasilis Pavlidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21370196"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079324627","display_name":"Thomas K\u00e4mpfe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-8676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110247","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Photonic Microsystems","ror":"https://ror.org/020n3fw10","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas K\u00e4mpfe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer IPMS,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081186426"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110247"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5458,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86098736,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7548385858535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.6465153694152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-computing","display_name":"Stochastic computing","score":0.5253576636314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4769771993160248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33137476444244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2508704960346222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.05405905842781067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7548385858535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6465153694152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780971903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2933705","display_name":"Stochastic computing","level":3,"score":0.5253576636314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4769771993160248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33137476444244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2508704960346222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.05405905842781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mocast65744.2025.11083955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast65744.2025.11083955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 14th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/500124","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/500124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006018035","https://openalex.org/W2022810388","https://openalex.org/W2086328585","https://openalex.org/W2147127515","https://openalex.org/W2513682997","https://openalex.org/W2593865516","https://openalex.org/W2772499140","https://openalex.org/W2973749712","https://openalex.org/W2974590159","https://openalex.org/W2980444885","https://openalex.org/W3205629540","https://openalex.org/W4312174103","https://openalex.org/W4324290543","https://openalex.org/W4393224445","https://openalex.org/W4403007491","https://openalex.org/W4404239221"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2800155864","https://openalex.org/W2770413419","https://openalex.org/W2955267291","https://openalex.org/W4200623496","https://openalex.org/W4322624379","https://openalex.org/W2294708870","https://openalex.org/W3157606747"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Probabilistic":[0],"computing":[1,60,104],"has":[2],"emerged":[3],"as":[4,105],"a":[5,86,91,106],"promising":[6],"paradigm":[7],"to":[8,29,57,95],"tackle":[9],"computational":[10],"challenges":[11],"in":[12],"artificial":[13],"intelligence":[14],"(AI),":[15],"machine":[16],"learning":[17],"(ML),":[18],"and":[19,32,90],"optimization":[20],"tasks.":[21],"Unlike":[22],"deterministic":[23],"computing,":[24],"it":[25],"leverages":[26],"controlled":[27],"randomness":[28],"enhance":[30],"efficiency":[31],"scalability.":[33],"This":[34,99],"paper":[35],"explores":[36],"the":[37,72],"integration":[38],"of":[39],"probabilistic":[40,59,97,103],"bits":[41],"(<tex":[42],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[43],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$p$</tex>-bits)":[44],"within":[45],"magnetic":[46],"tunnel":[47],"junction":[48],"(MTJ)":[49],"devices,":[50],"utilizing":[51],"their":[52],"inherent":[53],"stochastic":[54],"switching":[55],"behavior":[56],"implement":[58],"architectures.":[61],"It":[62],"demonstrates":[63],"how":[64],"MTJs":[65],"enable":[66],"energy-efficient,":[67],"hardware-compatible":[68],"solutions":[69],"by":[70],"eliminating":[71],"need":[73],"for":[74,109],"complex":[75],"pseudo-random":[76],"number":[77],"generators.":[78],"A":[79],"crossbar-based":[80],"p-bit":[81],"array":[82],"is":[83],"proposed,":[84],"incorporating":[85],"digital-to-analog":[87],"converter":[88],"(DAC)":[89],"sense":[92],"amplifier":[93],"(SA)":[94],"facilitate":[96],"operations.":[98],"work":[100],"highlights":[101],"MTJbased":[102],"viable":[107],"alternative":[108],"future":[110],"low-power,":[111],"high-performance":[112],"AI":[113],"accelerators.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}