{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3183661813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast52088.2021.9493351","title":"On the Utilization of L-PAM Technique in Transdermal Optical Wireless Links with Stochastic Pointing Errors for ABER Performance Estimation","display_name":"On the Utilization of L-PAM Technique in Transdermal Optical Wireless Links with Stochastic Pointing Errors for ABER Performance Estimation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3183661813","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast52088.2021.9493351","mag":"3183661813"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mocast52088.2021.9493351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast52088.2021.9493351","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 10th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037213957","display_name":"George K. Varotsos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-388X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. K. Varotsos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035617385","display_name":"Hector E. Nistazakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9301-0691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200777214","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. E. Nistazakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Section of Electronic Physics and Systems, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200777214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079609193","display_name":"Konstantinos Aidinis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3431-1742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Aidinis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","Department of Electrical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067814459","display_name":"Fadi Jaber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0280-0488"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Jaber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028539245","display_name":"Mohamed Nasor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4833-4363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Nasor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050938049","display_name":"K. K. Mujeeb Rahman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. K. Mujeeb Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2034,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50735437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.7043830156326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6628725528717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.6275739073753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.6178610324859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5312703847885132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5297639966011047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.47737929224967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4491274058818817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4418710470199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.43936651945114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.41285884380340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22051483392715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1667979657649994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.13396933674812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12260791659355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.11547893285751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09894052147865295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.09728878736495972}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.7043830156326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6628725528717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.6275739073753357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6178610324859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5312703847885132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5297639966011047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.47737929224967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4491274058818817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4418710470199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.43936651945114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.41285884380340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22051483392715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1667979657649994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13396933674812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12260791659355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.11547893285751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09894052147865295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.09728878736495972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mocast52088.2021.9493351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast52088.2021.9493351","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 10th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323149","display_name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/04gnjpq42"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330328","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1560387874","https://openalex.org/W1969802656","https://openalex.org/W1977520723","https://openalex.org/W1993518435","https://openalex.org/W2007111370","https://openalex.org/W2010724393","https://openalex.org/W2043160158","https://openalex.org/W2073562524","https://openalex.org/W2073621068","https://openalex.org/W2076556335","https://openalex.org/W2120827491","https://openalex.org/W2127323211","https://openalex.org/W2158727943","https://openalex.org/W2187673409","https://openalex.org/W2523196012","https://openalex.org/W2801121426","https://openalex.org/W2807759877","https://openalex.org/W2889467888","https://openalex.org/W2896780400","https://openalex.org/W2901787738","https://openalex.org/W2913038914","https://openalex.org/W2953490228","https://openalex.org/W2963478298","https://openalex.org/W2993720909","https://openalex.org/W3026564676","https://openalex.org/W3092113982","https://openalex.org/W3110426969","https://openalex.org/W3123581813","https://openalex.org/W3130269865","https://openalex.org/W6642554788","https://openalex.org/W6669630898","https://openalex.org/W6687217655","https://openalex.org/W6776903148"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137628250","https://openalex.org/W2904244837","https://openalex.org/W4290996306","https://openalex.org/W2602252168","https://openalex.org/W2130715019","https://openalex.org/W2088618661","https://openalex.org/W2132952461","https://openalex.org/W2108756703","https://openalex.org/W2132453830","https://openalex.org/W2782551494"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ongoing":[0],"research":[1],"into":[2,117],"implantable":[3],"medical":[4],"devices":[5],"(IMDs)":[6],"and":[7,32,51,60,107,119,125],"optical":[8,23,69],"wireless":[9,24,70],"communication":[10,26,71],"(OWC)":[11],"links":[12,27],"has":[13],"recently":[14],"revealed":[15],"the":[16,64,75,78,81,91,126,135,178],"feasibility":[17,179],"of":[18,67,80,83,129,180],"establishing":[19],"high":[20],"speed":[21],"transdermal":[22,123],"(TOW)":[25],"between":[28],"an":[29,33,55],"in-body":[30],"device":[31],"external":[34],"one":[35],"with":[36],"a":[37,112,169],"reasonable":[38],"low":[39],"power":[40],"consumption.":[41],"Still,":[42],"numerous":[43],"emerging":[44],"biomedical":[45],"applications":[46],"including":[47],"mainly":[48],"cortical":[49],"recording":[50],"neural":[52],"prosthesis":[53],"require":[54],"increasingly":[56],"higher":[57],"modulation":[58,98],"bandwidth":[59,92],"need":[61],"to":[62,131,172],"harvest":[63],"full":[65],"benefits":[66],"this":[68,150],"modality.":[72],"Thus,":[73],"in":[74],"present":[76],"contribution":[77],"potential":[79],"enhancement":[82],"TOW":[84,115],"spectral":[85],"efficiency":[86],"is":[87,143],"investigated":[88],"by":[89,104,120,164],"utilizing":[90],"efficient":[93],"L":[94],"symbol":[95],"pulse":[96],"amplitude":[97],"(L-PAM)":[99],"scheme.":[100],"In":[101,149],"more":[102],"detail,":[103],"taking":[105],"varying":[106],"realistic":[108],"parameter":[109],"values":[110],"for":[111,145],"typical":[113],"direct":[114],"link":[116],"account":[118],"considering":[121],"also":[122],"pathloss":[124],"stochastic":[127],"nature":[128],"weak":[130],"strong":[132],"pointing":[133],"errors,":[134],"average":[136],"bit":[137],"error":[138],"rate":[139],"(ABER)":[140],"performance":[141],"metric":[142],"evaluated":[144],"various":[146],"PAM":[147],"configurations.":[148],"context,":[151],"novel":[152],"ABER":[153],"analytical":[154],"expressions":[155],"are":[156,161],"derived.":[157],"Corresponding":[158],"results":[159],"which":[160],"further":[162],"validated":[163],"Monte":[165],"Carlo":[166],"simulations":[167],"over":[168],"wide":[170],"signal":[171],"noise":[173],"ratio":[174],"(SNR)":[175],"regime":[176],"demonstrate":[177],"our":[181],"suggestions.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}