{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3088981554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast49295.2020.9200272","title":"Low phase noise, high resolution digitally-controlled ring oscillator operating at 2.2GHz","display_name":"Low phase noise, high resolution digitally-controlled ring oscillator operating at 2.2GHz","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3088981554","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast49295.2020.9200272","mag":"3088981554"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mocast49295.2020.9200272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast49295.2020.9200272","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 9th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084652316","display_name":"Santthosh Selvaraj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Santthosh Selvaraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of High Frequency Electronics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of High Frequency Electronics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102016569","display_name":"Erkan Bayram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2530-0782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erkan Bayram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of High Frequency Electronics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of High Frequency Electronics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110240648","display_name":"Renato Negra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renato Negra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of High Frequency Electronics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of High Frequency Electronics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084652316"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5718434,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.8001664280891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7058913111686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.7004459500312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitally-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Digitally controlled oscillator","score":0.6658819913864136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.5566170811653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","score":0.4822719693183899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4417308568954468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4369739592075348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.4251593053340912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.42384645342826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.397441565990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3901243209838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3743494749069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.290947824716568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-oscillator","display_name":"Local oscillator","score":0.27824854850769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-frequency-oscillator","display_name":"Variable-frequency oscillator","score":0.1779153048992157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.08994418382644653}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.8001664280891418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7058913111686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.7004459500312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167872736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276224","display_name":"Digitally controlled oscillator","level":5,"score":0.6658819913864136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.5566170811653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4822719693183899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4417308568954468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4369739592075348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.4251593053340912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42384645342826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.397441565990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3901243209838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3743494749069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.290947824716568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203597036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1238887","display_name":"Local oscillator","level":3,"score":0.27824854850769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120164764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q705396","display_name":"Variable-frequency oscillator","level":4,"score":0.1779153048992157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08994418382644653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mocast49295.2020.9200272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mocast49295.2020.9200272","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 9th International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518527905","https://openalex.org/W1566916904","https://openalex.org/W2528902783","https://openalex.org/W2569198588","https://openalex.org/W2895571458","https://openalex.org/W2899351227","https://openalex.org/W2900936676"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2537722935","https://openalex.org/W1967453066","https://openalex.org/W1921356287","https://openalex.org/W4206714797","https://openalex.org/W2024932612","https://openalex.org/W2098493065","https://openalex.org/W2384340745","https://openalex.org/W1490173155","https://openalex.org/W2143104408","https://openalex.org/W2074715625"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"low":[1],"power,":[2],"high":[3,54],"resolution,":[4],"small":[5],"area":[6,66],"digitally-controlled":[7],"oscillator":[8,40],"(DCO)":[9],"designed":[10],"with":[11,42,60],"TSMC":[12],"65nm":[13],"CMOS":[14],"technology":[15],"is":[16,49,70,96],"presented":[17],"in":[18],"this":[19],"paper.":[20],"The":[21,35,64],"proposed":[22,36],"design":[23],"operates":[24],"between":[25,80],"the":[26,68,87,106,109],"frequency":[27],"range":[28],"of":[29,45,67,90,102,108],"1.8":[30],"GHz":[31],"and":[32,56,76,83],"2.2":[33],"GHz.":[34],"system":[37],"uses":[38],"ring":[39],"architecture":[41],"4":[43],"stages":[44],"delay":[46],"cell":[47],"which":[48,98,104],"preferred":[50],"due":[51],"to":[52,58],"its":[53],"stability":[55,107],"capability":[57],"operate":[59],"6.10":[61],"kHz":[62],"resolution.":[63],"active":[65],"DCO":[69],"0.00037":[71],"mm":[72],"<sup":[73],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[74],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[75],"power":[77],"consumption":[78],"varies":[79],"0.6":[81],"mW":[82,85],"1.6":[84],"for":[86],"supply":[88],"voltage":[89],"1.2":[91],"V.":[92],"Monte":[93],"Carlo":[94],"simulation":[95],"performed,":[97],"gives":[99],"a":[100],"deviation":[101],"7.4%,":[103],"proves":[105],"design.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}