{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412836950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3594769","title":"Spear or Shield: The Role of Generative AI in Intelligent Network Services","display_name":"Spear or Shield: The Role of Generative AI in Intelligent Network Services","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412836950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3594769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2025.3594769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3594769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/278fb444-6f64-4199-afcd-406e7062f4c4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068782412","display_name":"Hongyang Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-6525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyang Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-6525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062761975","display_name":"Jiawen Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-3490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawen Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-3490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005327587","display_name":"Zehui Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4440-941X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zehui Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EEECS), Queen&#x2019;s University Belfast, Belfast, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4440-941X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EEECS), Queen&#x2019;s University Belfast, Belfast, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101720092","display_name":"Kwok\u2010Yan Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-7970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwok-Yan Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Digital Trust Centre Singapore and the College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","Digital Trust Centre Singapore and the College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-7970","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Trust Centre Singapore and the College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digital Trust Centre Singapore and the College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016290340","display_name":"Yuguang Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-3871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuguang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong JC STEM Laboratory of Smart City, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong JC STEM Lab of Smart City, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-3871","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong JC STEM Laboratory of Smart City, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hong Kong JC STEM Lab of Smart City, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448724","display_name":"Yonghui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19003733,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"1","first_page":"312","last_page":"321"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.5490000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.5490000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13062","display_name":"Cognitive Computing and Networks","score":0.4837000072002411,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12594","display_name":"Collaboration in agile enterprises","score":0.4404999911785126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spear","display_name":"Spear","score":0.6669843792915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6225032210350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-network","display_name":"Intelligent Network","score":0.5190263986587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shield","display_name":"Shield","score":0.49918651580810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.46914950013160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.44398555159568787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198647972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44475","display_name":"Spear","level":2,"score":0.6669843792915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6225032210350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51675839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665681","display_name":"Intelligent Network","level":2,"score":0.5190263986587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138081364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852013","display_name":"Shield","level":2,"score":0.49918651580810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.46914950013160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.44398555159568787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5900021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163082","display_name":"Petrology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2025.3594769","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3594769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/278fb444-6f64-4199-afcd-406e7062f4c4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/278fb444-6f64-4199-afcd-406e7062f4c4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055387","display_name":"CityU Scholars","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Du, H, Niyato, D, Kang, J, Xiong, Z, Lam, K-Y, Fang, Y & Li, Y 2026, 'Spear or Shield : The Role of Generative AI in Intelligent Network Services', IEEE Network, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 312-321. https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2025.3594769","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:publications/50b6f10c-5f5c-4fdb-ae36-85a3443ecb20","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/50b6f10c-5f5c-4fdb-ae36-85a3443ecb20","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Du, H, Niyato, D, Kang, J, Xiong, Z, Lam, K-Y, Fang, Y & Li, Y 2025, 'Spear or shield: the role of generative AI in intelligent network services', IEEE Network. https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2025.3594769","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/278fb444-6f64-4199-afcd-406e7062f4c4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/278fb444-6f64-4199-afcd-406e7062f4c4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055387","display_name":"CityU Scholars","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Du, H, Niyato, D, Kang, J, Xiong, Z, Lam, K-Y, Fang, Y & Li, Y 2026, 'Spear or Shield : The Role of Generative AI in Intelligent Network Services', IEEE Network, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 312-321. https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2025.3594769","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2969519626","https://openalex.org/W4214823156","https://openalex.org/W4381735906","https://openalex.org/W4382998652","https://openalex.org/W4386072042","https://openalex.org/W4389518968","https://openalex.org/W4400315206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4381517690","https://openalex.org/W1568210390","https://openalex.org/W4393529432","https://openalex.org/W4393495783","https://openalex.org/W4402289603","https://openalex.org/W2883617504","https://openalex.org/W856705858","https://openalex.org/W2385566632","https://openalex.org/W2157645857","https://openalex.org/W2624397006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"AI":[1],"(GenAI)":[2],"models":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5],"rapidly":[6],"advancing,":[7],"with":[8],"a":[9,66,74,89],"wide":[10,34],"range":[11,35],"of":[12,36,51,56,59,82,92,127,145,196],"applications":[13,38,98],"including":[14],"intelligent":[15,60],"networks":[16],"and":[17,39,49,73,99,108,120,131,178],"mobile":[18],"AI-generated":[19],"content":[20],"(AIGC)":[21],"services.":[22],"However,":[23],"GenAI":[24,52,94,146,197],"create":[25],"opportunities":[26,50],"for":[27,70],"novel":[28],"security":[29,58],"challenges":[30,48],"due":[31],"to":[32,189],"its":[33,97],"services":[37],"potential":[40,71,128],"capabilities.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"we":[45,87,112],"examine":[46],"the":[47,54,57,93,100,114,143,194],"in":[53,152,198],"realm":[55],"network":[61,200],"services,":[62],"acting":[63],"as":[64,78],"both":[65],"\u201c<italic":[67,75],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[68,76],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">spear</i>\u201d":[69],"attacks":[72,130],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">shield</i>\u201d":[77],"an":[79,153,167],"integral":[80],"part":[81],"various":[83],"defense":[84,134,147,170],"mechanisms.":[85],"First,":[86],"present":[88],"comprehensive":[90],"overview":[91],"landscape,":[95],"highlighting":[96,123],"techniques":[101],"underpinning":[102],"these":[103],"advancements,":[104],"especially":[105],"large":[106],"language":[107],"diffusion":[109,169],"models.":[110],"Then,":[111],"investigate":[113],"dynamic":[115],"interplay":[116],"between":[117],"GenAI\u2019s":[118],"spear":[119],"shield":[121],"roles,":[122],"two":[124],"primary":[125],"categories":[126],"GenAI-related":[129],"their":[132],"respective":[133],"strategies":[135,148],"within":[136],"wireless":[137],"networks.":[138],"A":[139],"case":[140],"study":[141],"illustrates":[142],"impact":[144],"on":[149],"energy":[150,172],"consumption":[151],"image":[154],"request":[155],"scenario":[156],"under":[157],"data":[158],"poisoning":[159],"attack.":[160],"Our":[161],"results":[162],"show":[163],"that":[164],"by":[165,176],"employing":[166],"AI-optimized":[168],"mechanism,":[171],"can":[173,181],"be":[174,182],"reduced":[175],"8.7%,":[177],"retransmission":[179],"count":[180],"decreased":[183],"from":[184],"32":[185],"images,":[186,192],"without":[187],"defense,":[188],"just":[190],"6":[191],"showcasing":[193],"effectiveness":[195],"enhancing":[199],"security.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}