{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408710523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3551154","title":"A Countermeasure for DoS Attack on MAC Layer in Massive LoRaWAN","display_name":"A Countermeasure for DoS Attack on MAC Layer in Massive LoRaWAN","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408710523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3551154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2025.3551154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3551154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101716672","display_name":"Mi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7699-5129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120706","display_name":"Urban Planning & Design Institute of Shenzhen (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp7yc97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120706"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Technology Institute of Urban Public Safety, Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen, China","Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Shenzhen Technology Institute of Urban Public Safety, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7699-5129","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Technology Institute of Urban Public Safety, Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120706"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Shenzhen Technology Institute of Urban Public Safety, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085749623","display_name":"Jalel Ben\u2010Othman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6942-5435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197681013","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil","ror":"https://ror.org/05ggc9x40","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197681013"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800365227","display_name":"Paris-Est Sup","ror":"https://ror.org/0268ecp52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800365227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039363","display_name":"Infection et inflammation","ror":"https://ror.org/021sh3243","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154526488","https://openalex.org/I195731000","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4390039363"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jalel Ben-Othman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systèmes Intelligents (LISSI), Université Paris-Est Créteil, Vitry-sur-Seine, France","Univ Paris Est Creteil, LISSI, Vitry-sur-Seine, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6942-5435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systèmes Intelligents (LISSI), Université Paris-Est Créteil, Vitry-sur-Seine, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800365227","https://openalex.org/I4390039363"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ Paris Est Creteil, LISSI, Vitry-sur-Seine, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800365227","https://openalex.org/I197681013"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061965262","display_name":"Lynda Mokdad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6182-4869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197681013","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est Cr\u00e9teil","ror":"https://ror.org/05ggc9x40","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197681013"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800365227","display_name":"Paris-Est Sup","ror":"https://ror.org/0268ecp52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800365227"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynda Mokdad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d’Algorithmique, Complexité et Logique (LACL), Université Paris-Est Créteil, Creteil, France","Univ Paris Est Creteil, LACL, Creteil, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d’Algorithmique, Complexité et Logique (LACL), Université Paris-Est Créteil, Creteil, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800365227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ Paris Est Creteil, LACL, Creteil, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197681013"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075677046","display_name":"Xin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-7677"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120706","display_name":"Urban Planning & Design Institute of Shenzhen (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/01yp7yc97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120706"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xincong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Technology Institute of Urban Public Safety, Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen, China","Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Shenzhen Technology Institute of Urban Public Safety, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Technology Institute of Urban Public Safety, Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120706"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Urban Safety Risk Monitoring and Early Warning, Shenzhen Technology Institute of Urban Public Safety, Ministry of Emergency Management, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03859894,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"4","first_page":"312","last_page":"320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/countermeasure","display_name":"Countermeasure","score":0.7490174770355225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6871506571769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.594632625579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5945231914520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.5324687957763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07842153310775757}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21593369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1032176","display_name":"Countermeasure","level":2,"score":0.7490174770355225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6871506571769714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.594632625579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5945231914520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.5324687957763672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07842153310775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2025.3551154","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2025.3551154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2739237290","https://openalex.org/W2917931339","https://openalex.org/W2999002156","https://openalex.org/W3023501866","https://openalex.org/W3133726397","https://openalex.org/W3144356199","https://openalex.org/W4254182148","https://openalex.org/W4315605931","https://openalex.org/W4317794965","https://openalex.org/W4385679738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2378749186","https://openalex.org/W2364088131","https://openalex.org/W2362741838","https://openalex.org/W622044715","https://openalex.org/W2378994067","https://openalex.org/W1598708558","https://openalex.org/W2350438938"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"a":[1,5,33,81,88,124],"technology":[2],"that":[3,153],"provides":[4],"long-range":[6],"wireless":[7],"network":[8],"at":[9],"low":[10],"energy":[11],"consumption,":[12],"LoRaWAN":[13,40,77,101,141],"(Long":[14],"Range":[15],"Wide":[16],"Area":[17],"Network)":[18],"rapidly":[19],"gains":[20],"attention":[21],"in":[22,36,95,139,165],"the":[23,42,56,64,106,111,115,135,149,154,160],"Internet":[24],"of":[25,44,137,162],"Things":[26],"(IoT)":[27],"and":[28,53,63],"shows":[29],"its":[30,144],"capability":[31],"as":[32],"complementary":[34],"solution":[35],"massive":[37,100,122,140],"applications.":[38],"However,":[39],"faces":[41],"challenge":[43],"DoS":[45,107,163],"attacks.":[46],"These":[47],"attacks":[48,164],"are":[49],"hard":[50],"to":[51,121],"detect":[52],"counteract":[54],"under":[55],"Aloha":[57],"medium":[58],"access":[59],"control":[60],"(MAC)":[61],"protocol":[62],"duty":[65],"cycle":[66],"limitation.":[67],"In":[68],"our":[69],"previous":[70],"work,":[71],"LoRaLOFT":[72,120,138],"was":[73],"proposed":[74],"for":[75],"small":[76],"networks.":[78],"It":[79],"is":[80,130],"threshold-based":[82],"malicious":[83],"detection":[84,146],"method":[85],"implemented":[86],"by":[87,109],"pre-trained":[89],"Local":[90],"Outlier":[91],"Factor":[92],"(LOF)":[93],"model":[94],"machine":[96],"learning.":[97],"Focusing":[98],"on":[99,114],"scenarios,":[102,123],"this":[103],"study":[104],"investigates":[105],"attack":[108],"occupying":[110],"downlink":[112],"resources":[113],"MAC":[116],"layer.":[117],"After":[118],"migrating":[119],"countermeasure":[125,155],"with":[126,143],"an":[127],"ACK":[128],"denylist":[129],"proposed.":[131],"Simulation":[132],"results":[133,150],"demonstrate":[134],"suitability":[136],"scenarios":[142],"high":[145],"performance.":[147],"Moreover,":[148],"also":[151],"show":[152],"effectively":[156],"reduces":[157],"or":[158],"eliminates":[159],"impact":[161],"different":[166],"attacking":[167],"behaviors.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}