{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402774493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2024.3461990","title":"HAP Networking Enables Highly Reliable Space-Air-Ground Optical Interconnect: An Integrated Network Perspective","display_name":"HAP Networking Enables Highly Reliable Space-Air-Ground Optical Interconnect: An Integrated Network Perspective","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402774493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2024.3461990"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2024.3461990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2024.3461990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012523179","display_name":"Zhe Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5595-7236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5595-7236","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005468120","display_name":"Hui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2034-7735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-9140","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068243522","display_name":"Qiuyan Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-6489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiuyan Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-6489","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015225836","display_name":"Sentian Yin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sentian Yin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3469-3005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064236193","display_name":"Shikui Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shikui Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Unicom Research Institute, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Unicom Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109670459","display_name":"Buzheng Wei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Buzheng Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Unicom Research Institute, Beijing, China","China Unicom Research institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Unicom Research Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Unicom Research institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100436639","display_name":"Jie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-2197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","China Unicom Research institute, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Unicom Research institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074022699","display_name":"Athanasios V. Vasilakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-9877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200650556","display_name":"University of Agder","ror":"https://ror.org/03x297z98","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]}],"countries":["CN","NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athanasios V. Vasilakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for AI Research (CAIR), University of Agder (UiA), Grimstad, Norway","State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for AI Research (CAIR), University of Agder (UiA), Grimstad, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200650556"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communication, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012523179"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9652,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95752563,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"2","first_page":"224","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnection","display_name":"Interconnection","score":0.6073848605155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5682997703552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.558947741985321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4207088351249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4189165234565735}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123745756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnection","level":2,"score":0.6073848605155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5682997703552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.558947741985321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4207088351249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4189165234565735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2024.3461990","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2024.3461990","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2773780931","https://openalex.org/W2790962380","https://openalex.org/W3034060540","https://openalex.org/W3120420594","https://openalex.org/W3172588403","https://openalex.org/W3212813280","https://openalex.org/W4207063909","https://openalex.org/W4220896548","https://openalex.org/W4285115780","https://openalex.org/W4285118548","https://openalex.org/W4295308164","https://openalex.org/W4364322497","https://openalex.org/W4387303201","https://openalex.org/W4392979708","https://openalex.org/W4404035610"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2155019192","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2014709025","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2149537132","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2018871932"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"achieve":[1,82],"real-time":[2],"transmission":[3],"of":[4,11,40,47,63,85,88,130,178,182],"extensive":[5],"remote":[6],"sensing":[7],"data,":[8],"the":[9,27,45,54,58,61,69,83,86,89,96,111,128,135,152,158,169,176,179],"combination":[10],"space-air-ground":[12],"integrated":[13],"networks":[14],"(SAGINs)":[15],"and":[16,37,57,99,142],"free-space":[17],"optical":[18],"(FSO)":[19],"technology":[20],"is":[21,119,125,149],"considered":[22],"a":[23,51],"suitable":[24],"solution.":[25],"However,":[26],"strongly":[28],"attenuated":[29],"atmosphere":[30,131],"environment":[31],"that":[32,168],"covers":[33],"long":[34],"spatial":[35],"distances":[36],"frequent":[38],"handover":[39,154],"user-to-data":[41],"links":[42,118],"seriously":[43],"affect":[44],"reliability":[46,87,112,177],"FSO":[48,72,117],"links.":[49],"As":[50],"relay":[52],"linking":[53],"satellite":[55],"layer":[56],"ground":[59,100],"layer,":[60],"introduction":[62],"high":[64],"altitude":[65],"platform":[66],"(HAP)":[67],"shortens":[68],"ultra-long":[70],"satellite-to-ground":[71],"links,":[73],"largely":[74],"mitigating":[75],"unreliable":[76],"tropospheric":[77],"connections.":[78],"In":[79],"order":[80],"to":[81,126,150],"improvement":[84],"whole":[90,180],"SAGIN":[91],"system,":[92],"this":[93],"paper":[94],"integrates":[95],"space,":[97],"air":[98],"three-layer":[101],"network":[102],"through":[103,139,162],"HAP":[104,136,163],"networking":[105],"(HAPN).":[106],"Based":[107],"on":[108,173],"HAPN":[109,174],"architecture,":[110],"enhancement":[113],"scheme":[114],"for":[115],"two-hop":[116],"further":[120],"designed.":[121],"The":[122,146,165],"first":[123],"step":[124,148],"reduce":[127,151],"attenuation":[129],"turbulence":[132],"by":[133,156],"adjusting":[134],"zenith":[137],"angle":[138],"distanced":[140],"clustering":[141],"Tabo":[143],"search":[144],"algorithms.":[145],"second":[147],"link":[153],"times":[155],"extending":[157],"time":[159],"window":[160],"flexibly":[161],"networking.":[164],"results":[166],"show":[167],"proposed":[170],"schemes":[171],"based":[172],"improve":[175],"process":[181],"data":[183],"transmission.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
