{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2961017089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2019.1900033","title":"Password Enhancement Based on Semantic Transformation","display_name":"Password Enhancement Based on Semantic Transformation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2961017089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2019.1900033","mag":"2961017089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2019.1900033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2019.1900033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082144617","display_name":"Daojing He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3820-8128"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daojing He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090513884","display_name":"Xiao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7160-5814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101873064","display_name":"Beibei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1706-3780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beibei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062301552","display_name":"Yu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1366-6744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101535095","display_name":"Yao Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-5185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029714594","display_name":"Nadra Guizani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5332-2685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadra Guizani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082144617"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6783,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77602095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1","first_page":"116","last_page":"121"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9779000282287598,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9670000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.9198276996612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-strength","display_name":"Password strength","score":0.848078727722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7974870204925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s/key","display_name":"S/KEY","score":0.7258574366569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-knowledge-password-proof","display_name":"Zero-knowledge password proof","score":0.687620997428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-password","display_name":"Cognitive password","score":0.661432683467865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-time-password","display_name":"One-time password","score":0.6584526300430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6235935688018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-policy","display_name":"Password policy","score":0.6203181743621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-cracking","display_name":"Password cracking","score":0.6051174402236938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salt","display_name":"Salt (chemistry)","score":0.5813474059104919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.09185224771499634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.9198276996612549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70530487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990841","display_name":"Password strength","level":4,"score":0.848078727722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7974870204925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4957475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242186","display_name":"S/KEY","level":3,"score":0.7258574366569519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188615804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069448","display_name":"Zero-knowledge password proof","level":5,"score":0.687620997428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23875713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141232","display_name":"Cognitive password","level":5,"score":0.661432683467865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89479133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137840","display_name":"One-time password","level":3,"score":0.6584526300430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6235935688018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98705547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3394687","display_name":"Password policy","level":4,"score":0.6203181743621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3847113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2746524","display_name":"Password cracking","level":5,"score":0.6051174402236938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776371256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12370","display_name":"Salt (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5813474059104919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.09185224771499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2019.1900033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2019.1900033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W167157979","https://openalex.org/W1600402038","https://openalex.org/W1647671624","https://openalex.org/W1993263140","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2131566950","https://openalex.org/W2135359429","https://openalex.org/W2346878720","https://openalex.org/W2463456957","https://openalex.org/W2488850733","https://openalex.org/W2616051826","https://openalex.org/W2786722149","https://openalex.org/W2899195390","https://openalex.org/W6606842148","https://openalex.org/W6636915900","https://openalex.org/W6719406283","https://openalex.org/W6722583902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2969720675","https://openalex.org/W3131491961","https://openalex.org/W2017283799","https://openalex.org/W1982158666","https://openalex.org/W2953105088","https://openalex.org/W1995890708","https://openalex.org/W1970072309","https://openalex.org/W4299928509","https://openalex.org/W2596766976","https://openalex.org/W4302810031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,11,27,30,43,59,62,65,75,77,80,82,85,94,97,100,116,125,137,167,179,182],"continuous":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,21,29,45,67,84,99,119,169,181],"authentication":[5,8,23],"approaches,":[6],"password-based":[7,22],"is":[9,37],"still":[10],"first":[12],"choice":[13],"for":[14],"various":[15],"online":[16],"services":[17],"today.":[18],"The":[19],"security":[20,66,98,156],"relies":[24],"heavily":[25],"on":[26,109],"strength":[28,127],"passwords":[31],"created":[32],"by":[33,171],"users.":[34],"Password":[35],"enhancement":[36,52,106,163],"a":[38,47,104,120,172],"general":[39],"way":[40],"to":[41,92,135,158],"increase":[42],"difficulty":[44],"cracking":[46],"password.":[48,122],"An":[49],"ideal":[50],"password":[51,78,105,132,138,150,162,174],"strategy":[53,164],"should":[54],"take":[55],"into":[56],"account":[57],"both":[58],"usability":[60,83,95],"(mainly":[61],"memorability)":[63],"and":[64,87,96],"passwords.":[68],"However,":[69],"it":[70],"has":[71],"been":[72],"found":[73],"that":[74],"higher":[76],"strength,":[79],"lower":[81],"password,":[86,101],"vice":[88],"versa.":[89],"In":[90],"order":[91],"balance":[93],"we":[102,145],"propose":[103],"method":[107],"based":[108],"semantic":[110,117,133],"transformation,":[111],"which":[112,177],"can":[113],"effectively":[114],"analyze":[115],"structure":[118],"given":[121],"This":[123],"enhances":[124],"password's":[126],"through":[128],"one":[129],"or":[130],"more":[131],"transformations":[134],"make":[136],"better":[139],"protected":[140],"against":[141],"guessing":[142,175],"attacks.":[143],"Finally,":[144],"use":[146],"publicly":[147],"available":[148],"real-world":[149],"data":[151],"sets":[152],"leaked":[153],"in":[154],"previous":[155],"incidents":[157],"conduct":[159],"experiments.":[160],"Our":[161],"significantly":[165],"reduces":[166],"proportion":[168],"guesses":[170],"classic":[173],"attack,":[176],"demonstrates":[178],"effectiveness":[180],"method.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}