{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2910699988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1800193","title":"Software Defined Space-Terrestrial Integrated Networks: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions","display_name":"Software Defined Space-Terrestrial Integrated Networks: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2910699988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1800193","mag":"2910699988"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2018.1800193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1800193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085493660","display_name":"Yuanguo Bi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8424-8542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuanguo Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070719868","display_name":"Guangjie Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6921-7369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangjie Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Service Softwore of Liaoning province, Dalian University of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Service Softwore of Liaoning province, Dalian University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101535178","display_name":"Shuang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2334-8363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100326915","display_name":"Xingwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2856-4716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021774607","display_name":"Chuan Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-3851"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110972129","display_name":"Zhibo Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhibo Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102827558","display_name":"Peiyao Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7256-9613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peiyao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085493660"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":104.4901,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":126,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99909548,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":"22","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8009160757064819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6384644508361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture","display_name":"Network architecture","score":0.5726625919342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4931177794933319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.4837241470813751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-management","display_name":"Network management","score":0.45857957005500793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.44478708505630493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.42508310079574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.41940873861312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4170924723148346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobility-management","display_name":"Mobility management","score":0.4156540036201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3196546137332916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.25904858112335205}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8009160757064819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6384644508361816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.5726625919342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4931177794933319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.4837241470813751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129763632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454667","display_name":"Network management","level":2,"score":0.45857957005500793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.44478708505630493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.42508310079574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.41940873861312866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4170924723148346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778555145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4476379","display_name":"Mobility management","level":2,"score":0.4156540036201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3196546137332916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.25904858112335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2018.1800193","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1800193","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W318507651","https://openalex.org/W1993087005","https://openalex.org/W2003764872","https://openalex.org/W2082098028","https://openalex.org/W2114284823","https://openalex.org/W2162841600","https://openalex.org/W2166221619","https://openalex.org/W2180200426","https://openalex.org/W2344764007","https://openalex.org/W2604436698","https://openalex.org/W2653592338","https://openalex.org/W2754361397","https://openalex.org/W2783508736","https://openalex.org/W2800182763","https://openalex.org/W2804812369","https://openalex.org/W3098658574","https://openalex.org/W3102431592"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079417790","https://openalex.org/W58944773","https://openalex.org/W1992059001","https://openalex.org/W2794617229","https://openalex.org/W2793291865","https://openalex.org/W1984267261","https://openalex.org/W2472522135","https://openalex.org/W2384267957","https://openalex.org/W2910175092","https://openalex.org/W2347249702"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"space":[1,87,128],"and":[2,14,32,37,48,63,69,83,89,115,129,144,156,194,197],"terrestrial":[3,67,130],"integrated":[4],"network":[5,30,106,131,154,158],"(STIN)":[6],"converges":[7],"satellite":[8,109],"communication":[9,50],"networks,":[10,68],"mobile":[11,145],"wireless":[12],"networking,":[13],"the":[15,20,38,41,53,58,74,93,140,153,181],"Internet,":[16],"has":[17],"greatly":[18],"extended":[19],"scope":[21],"of":[22,28,57,60,76,165,176],"cyberspace.":[23],"The":[24],"STIN":[25,54,96,183],"is":[26,97],"composed":[27],"diverse":[29],"elements":[31],"supports":[33],"various":[34],"access":[35],"technologies,":[36],"coordinations":[39],"in":[40,66],"hybrid":[42],"networks":[43],"can":[44,80],"better":[45],"support":[46,81],"complex":[47],"changeable":[49],"tasks.":[51],"Furthermore,":[52],"takes":[55],"advantage":[56],"merits":[59],"low":[61],"delay":[62],"large":[64,111],"bandwidth":[65],"achieves":[70],"global":[71,168],"coverage":[72],"without":[73],"limitation":[75],"geographic":[77],"conditions,":[78],"which":[79,149],"positioning":[82],"navigation,":[84],"emergency":[85],"relief,":[86],"exploration,":[88],"so":[90,116,195],"on.":[91,117],"However,":[92],"research":[94],"on":[95],"still":[98],"confronted":[99],"with":[100,180],"some":[101,199],"fundamental":[102],"challenges":[103],"including":[104,185],"time-varying":[105],"topology,":[107],"high":[108],"mobility,":[110],"end-to-end":[112],"delay,":[113],"scalability,":[114],"In":[118],"this":[119],"article,":[120],"we":[121,172],"present":[122],"a":[123,174],"composite":[124],"architecture":[125],"that":[126],"integrates":[127],"components":[132],"for":[133,167],"providing":[134],"anytime":[135],"anywhere":[136],"communications":[137],"by":[138],"utilizing":[139],"software":[141],"defined":[142],"networking":[143],"edge":[146],"computing":[147],"paradigms,":[148],"not":[150],"only":[151],"facilitates":[152],"management":[155],"increases":[157],"flexibility,":[159],"but":[160],"also":[161],"provides":[162],"improved":[163],"quality":[164],"service":[166],"multimedia":[169],"services.":[170],"Additionally,":[171],"identify":[173],"number":[175],"challenging":[177],"issues":[178],"associated":[179],"proposed":[182],"architecture,":[184],"mobility":[186],"management,":[187,189],"resource":[188],"routing,":[190],"traffic":[191],"steering,":[192],"security,":[193],"on,":[196],"pinpoint":[198],"potential":[200],"solutions":[201],"accordingly.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T08:34:05.389933","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}