{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2787462624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1700140","title":"MECPASS: Distributed Denial of Service Defense Architecture for Mobile Networks","display_name":"MECPASS: Distributed Denial of Service Defense Architecture for Mobile Networks","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2787462624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1700140","mag":"2787462624"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2018.1700140","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1700140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034201659","display_name":"Van-Linh Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3472-0108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Van Linh Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chung Cheng University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chung Cheng University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084330488","display_name":"Po\u2010Ching Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8294-5857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-Ching Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chung Cheng University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chung Cheng University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035925200","display_name":"Ren\u2010Hung Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7996-4184"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren-Hung Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Chung Cheng University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Chung Cheng University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034201659"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0299,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87620016,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"1","first_page":"118","last_page":"124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7250565886497498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.6295742392539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.606304943561554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5221876502037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4867865741252899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.48331260681152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.4679962992668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.42542970180511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3727836608886719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3600982427597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.3051043748855591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.17233243584632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.17077642679214478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14729803800582886}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7250565886497498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.6295742392539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.606304943561554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5221876502037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4867865741252899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.48331260681152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.4679962992668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.42542970180511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3727836608886719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3600982427597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.3051043748855591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.17233243584632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.17077642679214478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14729803800582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.2018.1700140","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.2018.1700140","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5600000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W997716102","https://openalex.org/W2049558159","https://openalex.org/W2116249412","https://openalex.org/W2162446888","https://openalex.org/W2162969618","https://openalex.org/W2165618944","https://openalex.org/W2277593245","https://openalex.org/W2514396107","https://openalex.org/W2523793124","https://openalex.org/W2564810971","https://openalex.org/W2584256470","https://openalex.org/W2597472767","https://openalex.org/W2601253877"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210272022","https://openalex.org/W1844259124","https://openalex.org/W3009067413","https://openalex.org/W2170939602","https://openalex.org/W1974440652","https://openalex.org/W1541175715","https://openalex.org/W2540454223","https://openalex.org/W2119572658","https://openalex.org/W565993663","https://openalex.org/W2326504464"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0],"denial":[1],"of":[2,6,14,23,32,54,61,72,139,161,167,175,199,207],"service":[3,191],"is":[4,34],"one":[5],"the":[7,12,24,30,52,58,69,91,137,140,153,159,173,196,204],"most":[8],"critical":[9],"threats":[10],"to":[11,36,89,113],"availability":[13],"Internet":[15,31,190],"services.":[16],"A":[17],"botnet":[18],"with":[19],"only":[20],"0.01":[21],"percent":[22],"50":[25],"billion":[26],"connected":[27],"devices":[28],"in":[29,64,172],"Things":[33],"sufficient":[35],"launch":[37],"a":[38,81],"massive":[39],"DDoS":[40,84,170],"flooding":[41],"attack":[42,92],"that":[43,182],"could":[44],"exhaust":[45],"resources":[46],"and":[47,57,117,144,187],"interrupt":[48],"any":[49],"target.":[50],"However,":[51],"mobility":[53],"user":[55],"equipment":[56],"distinctive":[59],"characteristics":[60],"traffic":[62,93,119,138,198],"behavior":[63],"mobile":[65,95],"networks":[66],"also":[67],"limit":[68],"detection":[70,209],"capabilities":[71],"traditional":[73],"anti-DDoS":[74],"techniques.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77],"article,":[78],"we":[79],"present":[80],"novel":[82],"collaborative":[83],"defense":[85],"architecture":[86],"called":[87],"MECPASS":[88,183],"mitigate":[90],"from":[94,152,195],"devices.":[96],"Our":[97],"design":[98],"involves":[99],"two":[100],"filtering":[101],"hierarchies.":[102],"First,":[103],"filters":[104],"at":[105,130,211],"edge":[106],"computing":[107],"servers":[108,132],"(i.e.,":[109,133],"local":[110,154],"nodes)":[111,135],"seek":[112],"prevent":[114],"spoofing":[115],"attacks":[116,171],"anomalous":[118],"near":[120],"sources":[121],"as":[122,124],"much":[123],"possible.":[125],"Second,":[126],"global":[127],"analyzers":[128],"located":[129],"cloud":[131],"central":[134],"classify":[136],"entire":[141],"monitored":[142],"network":[143,194],"unveil":[145],"suspicious":[146],"behaviors":[147],"by":[148],"periodically":[149],"aggregating":[150],"data":[151],"nodes.":[155],"We":[156],"have":[157],"explored":[158],"effectiveness":[160],"our":[162],"system":[163],"on":[164],"various":[165],"types":[166],"application-":[168],"layer":[169],"context":[174],"web":[176],"servers.":[177],"The":[178],"simulation":[179],"results":[180],"show":[181],"can":[184],"effectively":[185],"defend":[186],"clean":[188],"an":[189],"provider":[192],"core":[193],"junk":[197],"compromised":[200],"UEs,":[201],"while":[202],"maintaining":[203],"false-positive":[205],"rate":[206],"its":[208],"engine":[210],"less":[212],"than":[213],"1":[214],"percent.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}