{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3082955772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.011.2000367","title":"Machine Learning for Spectrum Defragmentation in Space-Division Multiplexing Elastic Optical Networks","display_name":"Machine Learning for Spectrum Defragmentation in Space-Division Multiplexing Elastic Optical Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3082955772","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.011.2000367","mag":"3082955772"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.011.2000367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.011.2000367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039179814","display_name":"Silvana Trindade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5526-6733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Silvana Trindade","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of Campinas"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of Campinas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039387826","display_name":"Nelson L. S. da Fonseca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2046-602X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelson L.S. da Fonseca","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of Campinas"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of Campinas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039179814"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6439,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84077163,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"1","first_page":"326","last_page":"332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8058655261993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragmentation","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","score":0.7092433571815491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blocking","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","score":0.6947004199028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-allocation","display_name":"Frequency allocation","score":0.6730376482009888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6147933602333069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5643817186355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.5617842078208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.49507227540016174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.47958531975746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4722031056880951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","score":0.42738714814186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-time-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Statistical time division multiplexing","score":0.4176715612411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16899928450584412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.11477261781692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11250987648963928}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8058655261993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7092433571815491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144745244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6947004199028015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134579502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455619","display_name":"Frequency allocation","level":2,"score":0.6730376482009888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6147933602333069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5643817186355591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.5617842078208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.49507227540016174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.47958531975746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4722031056880951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.42738714814186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173512123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5978010","display_name":"Statistical time division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.4176715612411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16899928450584412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.11477261781692505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11250987648963928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.011.2000367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.011.2000367","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963561884","https://openalex.org/W1969743747","https://openalex.org/W2094470306","https://openalex.org/W2105532714","https://openalex.org/W2112474154","https://openalex.org/W2132557559","https://openalex.org/W2514320708","https://openalex.org/W2554756037","https://openalex.org/W2587687693","https://openalex.org/W2751559155","https://openalex.org/W2765329683","https://openalex.org/W2789324201","https://openalex.org/W2901252376","https://openalex.org/W2921715893","https://openalex.org/W2960642499","https://openalex.org/W6679924026"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W431360389","https://openalex.org/W2063698109","https://openalex.org/W2166601301","https://openalex.org/W2101306339","https://openalex.org/W1580283584","https://openalex.org/W2361869782","https://openalex.org/W1538654733","https://openalex.org/W2045290981","https://openalex.org/W2044046257","https://openalex.org/W2128970135"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,29],"Elastic":[1],"Optical":[2],"Networks":[3],"with":[4],"Space":[5],"Division":[6],"Multiplexing,":[7],"the":[8,22,80,98],"dynamic":[9],"allocation":[10],"and":[11,37,73,102],"deallocation":[12],"of":[13,24,82,100],"frequency":[14],"slots":[15],"can":[16,42,96],"generate":[17],"spectrum":[18,45,64,103],"fragmentation,":[19],"which":[20],"increases":[21],"blocking":[23,99],"requests":[25,101],"for":[26,88],"lightpath":[27],"establishment.":[28],"this":[30],"article,":[31],"we":[32],"introduce":[33,48],"a":[34,38,49,62],"reactive":[35],"algorithm":[36,76],"proactive":[39],"one":[40],"that":[41,93],"jointly":[43],"reduce":[44,97],"fragmentation.":[46,104],"We":[47],"novel":[50],"defragmentation":[51],"approach":[52,95],"based":[53],"on":[54,79],"an":[55],"unsupervised":[56],"machine":[57],"learning":[58],"technique":[59],"to":[60,84],"rearrange":[61],"fragmented":[63],"by":[65],"clustering":[66,81],"lightpaths.":[67],"A":[68],"Routing,":[69],"Modulation":[70],"Format,":[71],"Core,":[72],"Spectrum":[74],"Allocation":[75],"uses":[77],"information":[78],"lightpaths":[83,87],"establish":[85],"new":[86],"incoming":[89],"requests.":[90],"Results":[91],"show":[92],"our":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
