{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3013626674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.011.1900369","title":"Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Edge Computing Networks: Architecture, Challenges, and Open Issues","display_name":"Satellite-Terrestrial Integrated Edge Computing Networks: Architecture, Challenges, and Open Issues","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3013626674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.011.1900369","mag":"3013626674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.011.1900369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.011.1900369","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027057850","display_name":"Renchao Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2825-8463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I918919364","display_name":"Switch","ror":"https://ror.org/02yw51758","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I918919364"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Renchao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062797615","display_name":"Qinqin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-7005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I918919364","display_name":"Switch","ror":"https://ror.org/02yw51758","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinqin Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108121443","display_name":"Qiuning Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I918919364","display_name":"Switch","ror":"https://ror.org/02yw51758","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I918919364"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiuning Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112233853","display_name":"Xu Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I918919364","display_name":"Switch","ror":"https://ror.org/02yw51758","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420016","display_name":"F. Richard Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1006-7594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Richard Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087767046","display_name":"Tao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-1122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I918919364","display_name":"Switch","ror":"https://ror.org/02yw51758","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I918919364"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, BUPT, Purple Mountain Laboratories","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027057850"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I918919364"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":22.5093,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":268,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99661423,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"3","first_page":"224","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8243426084518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.6494207382202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6022619605064392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5289775729179382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.527315080165863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.5124717354774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture","display_name":"Network architecture","score":0.5078700184822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enabling","display_name":"Enabling","score":0.43377813696861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.4202958941459656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.3139262795448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2401863932609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.1320042610168457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8243426084518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.6494207382202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6022619605064392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5289775729179382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.527315080165863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.5124717354774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.5078700184822083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22607594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5375150","display_name":"Enabling","level":2,"score":0.43377813696861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.4202958941459656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.3139262795448303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2401863932609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.1320042610168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.011.1900369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.011.1900369","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2594560857","https://openalex.org/W2604436698","https://openalex.org/W2624989916","https://openalex.org/W2799068975","https://openalex.org/W2886485362","https://openalex.org/W2892656107","https://openalex.org/W2894366476","https://openalex.org/W2908595329","https://openalex.org/W2908944637","https://openalex.org/W2909496071","https://openalex.org/W2909847702","https://openalex.org/W2910912683","https://openalex.org/W2924948991","https://openalex.org/W2935268363","https://openalex.org/W3106445841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322761281","https://openalex.org/W4238233472","https://openalex.org/W4313463218","https://openalex.org/W4312996489","https://openalex.org/W3111395152","https://openalex.org/W4313526662","https://openalex.org/W3106131444","https://openalex.org/W3216099748","https://openalex.org/W4205963435","https://openalex.org/W4319161913"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"STN":[0,50],"has":[1,24],"been":[2,25,89],"considered":[3],"a":[4,10,20,28,52,56,102],"novel":[5,103],"network":[6,54],"architecture":[7,79,104],"to":[8,31],"accommodate":[9],"variety":[11],"of":[12,43,62,75,122],"services":[13],"and":[14,36,59,81,128,147],"applications":[15],"in":[16,39,47,97,107,112],"future":[17,156],"networks.":[18],"Being":[19],"promising":[21,132],"paradigm,":[22],"MEC":[23,48],"regarded":[26],"as":[27,55],"key":[29],"technology-enabler":[30],"offer":[32],"further":[33],"service":[34],"innovation":[35],"business":[37],"agility":[38],"STN.":[40],"However,":[41],"most":[42],"the":[44,60,67,73,123,131],"existing":[45],"research":[46,153,157],"enabled":[49],"regards":[51],"satellite":[53],"relay":[57],"network,":[58],"feasibility":[61],"tasks":[63],"processing":[64],"directly":[65],"on":[66],"satellites":[68],"is":[69],"largely":[70],"ignored.":[71],"Moreover,":[72],"problem":[74],"multi-layer":[76,113],"edge":[77,83,115],"computing":[78,84,109,116],"design":[80],"heterogeneous":[82,114],"resource":[85],"co-scheduling,":[86],"have":[87],"not":[88],"fully":[90],"considered.":[91],"Therefore,":[92],"different":[93],"from":[94],"previous":[95],"works,":[96],"this":[98],"article,":[99],"we":[100,129],"propose":[101],"named":[105],"STECN,":[106],"which":[108],"resources":[110],"exist":[111],"clusters.":[117],"The":[118],"detailed":[119],"functional":[120],"components":[121],"proposed":[124],"STECN":[125],"are":[126,158],"discussed,":[127],"present":[130],"technical":[133],"challenges,":[134],"including":[135],"meeting":[136],"QoE":[137],"requirements,":[138],"cooperative":[139],"computation":[140],"offloading,":[141],"multi-node":[142],"task":[143],"scheduling,":[144],"mobility":[145],"management":[146],"fault/failure":[148],"recovery.":[149],"Finally,":[150],"some":[151],"potential":[152],"issues":[154],"for":[155],"highlighted.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":59},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
