{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3015075740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.001.1900184","title":"Waving Gesture Analysis for User Authentication in the Mobile Environment","display_name":"Waving Gesture Analysis for User Authentication in the Mobile Environment","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3015075740","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.001.1900184","mag":"3015075740"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.001.1900184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.001.1900184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101843177","display_name":"Chao Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6959-0569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100786038","display_name":"Zhao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6826-1738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091685769","display_name":"Chengxiang Si","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2646-6100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087772","display_name":"National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of Chinar","ror":"https://ror.org/00247dh76","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengxiang Si","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nationaol Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nationaol Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100411559","display_name":"Yufei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3786-928X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi'an Jiaotong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053561890","display_name":"Xiaojie Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-0264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojie Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6327,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87688414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"2","first_page":"57","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smartwatch","display_name":"Smartwatch","score":0.8550973534584045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8185257911682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6919886469841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6213670372962952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.565786600112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.52940833568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.48947131633758545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.43707555532455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4297226667404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3896447420120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32728248834609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.27158981561660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.24334082007408142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1864163875579834}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29794715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5362345","display_name":"Smartwatch","level":3,"score":0.8550973534584045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8185257911682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6919886469841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6213670372962952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.565786600112915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.52940833568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.48947131633758545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.43707555532455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4297226667404175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3896447420120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32728248834609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.27158981561660767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.24334082007408142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1864163875579834}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mnet.001.1900184","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mnet.001.1900184","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186584794","display_name":"IEEE Network","issn_l":"0890-8044","issn":["0890-8044","1558-156X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Network","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483327747","https://openalex.org/W2076804129","https://openalex.org/W2150823344","https://openalex.org/W2208101055","https://openalex.org/W2325135768","https://openalex.org/W2503791111","https://openalex.org/W2522146934","https://openalex.org/W2549484948","https://openalex.org/W2594116048","https://openalex.org/W2766500793","https://openalex.org/W2768062547","https://openalex.org/W2802468168","https://openalex.org/W2807428430","https://openalex.org/W2884068903"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285587629","https://openalex.org/W2765158217","https://openalex.org/W2993132146","https://openalex.org/W2599755607","https://openalex.org/W2003614205","https://openalex.org/W4287990776","https://openalex.org/W3090300519","https://openalex.org/W2756171776","https://openalex.org/W2977705381","https://openalex.org/W2971637278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"increasing":[1],"popularity":[2],"of":[3,90,121],"wearable":[4,16],"devices":[5,17],"has":[6],"brought":[7],"great":[8],"convenience":[9],"to":[10,63,140,145,150],"human":[11],"life":[12],"and":[13,26,41,97,110,129,143,154],"business.":[14],"As":[15],"have":[18,59],"become":[19],"widely":[20],"used":[21],"personal":[22],"computing":[23,49],"platforms,":[24],"more":[25,27],"private":[28],"information":[29],"gets":[30],"accessed":[31],"by":[32],"them,":[33],"which":[34,88],"stresses":[35],"an":[36,117],"urgent":[37],"need":[38],"for":[39],"feasible":[40],"reliable":[42],"authentication":[43,55,98],"mechanisms":[44],"in":[45,124,132],"the":[46,69,125,133,152],"current":[47],"mobile":[48],"environment.":[50],"However,":[51],"traditional":[52],"memory-":[53],"based":[54,83],"methods":[56],"like":[57],"PINs":[58],"been":[60],"proven":[61],"easy":[62],"crack":[64],"or":[65],"steal.":[66],"Based":[67],"on":[68,138],"fact":[70],"that":[71],"hand-waving":[72,105],"patterns":[73],"vary":[74],"among":[75],"different":[76],"users,":[77],"we":[78,101],"propose":[79],"a":[80,103,108,112],"novel":[81],"hand-waving-":[82],"unlocking":[84],"system":[85],"using":[86],"smartwatches,":[87],"consists":[89],"data":[91,93],"acquisition,":[92],"preprocessing,":[94],"feature":[95],"extraction,":[96],"modules.":[99],"Furthermore,":[100],"established":[102],"150-person-time":[104],"dataset":[106],"with":[107],"smartwatch,":[109],"conducted":[111],"systematic":[113],"performance":[114],"evaluation,":[115],"achieving":[116],"equal":[118],"error":[119],"rate":[120],"4.27":[122],"percent":[123,131],"zero-effort":[126],"attacking":[127],"scenario":[128],"14.46":[130],"imitation-attack":[134],"scenarios.":[135],"Additional":[136],"experiments":[137],"usability":[139],"operation":[141],"length":[142],"sensitivity":[144],"sampling":[146],"frequency":[147],"are":[148],"offered":[149],"explore":[151],"applicability":[153],"effectiveness.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}