{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2895917798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mmar.2018.8486053","title":"Integral Sliding Mode Control and Gain-Scheduled Modified Utkin Observer for an Underground Coal Gasification Energy Conversion Process","display_name":"Integral Sliding Mode Control and Gain-Scheduled Modified Utkin Observer for an Underground Coal Gasification Energy Conversion Process","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2895917798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mmar.2018.8486053","mag":"2895917798"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mmar.2018.8486053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mmar.2018.8486053","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 23rd International Conference on Methods & Models in Automation & Robotics (MMAR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023837634","display_name":"Ali Arshad Uppal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8016-5152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Arshad Uppal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054328363","display_name":"Saif Siddique Butt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137230718","display_name":"Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto und Verkehr (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4h9q86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saif Siddique Butt","raw_affiliation_strings":["IAV Development GmbH, Gifhorn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IAV Development GmbH, Gifhorn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137230718"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050766329","display_name":"Aamer Iqbal Bhatti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-3388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088086","display_name":"Capital University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/004776246","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088086"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aamer Iqbal Bhatti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088086"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061788743","display_name":"Harald Aschemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7789-5699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4665924","display_name":"University of Rostock","ror":"https://ror.org/03zdwsf69","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald Aschemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Mechatronics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Mechatronics, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4665924"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1966,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7807991,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"357","last_page":"362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13094","display_name":"Mining and Gasification Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13094","display_name":"Mining and Gasification Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13290","display_name":"Diverse Industrial Engineering Technologies","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11837","display_name":"Iron and Steelmaking Processes","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.7602747082710266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underground-coal-gasification","display_name":"Underground coal gasification","score":0.6735167503356934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parametric-statistics","display_name":"Parametric statistics","score":0.6599609851837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.627787172794342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5995861291885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integral-sliding-mode","display_name":"Integral sliding mode","score":0.5298701524734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.513116180896759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.5125484466552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sliding-mode-control","display_name":"Sliding mode control","score":0.505620002746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observer","display_name":"Observer (physics)","score":0.4954181909561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-control","display_name":"Process control","score":0.4765251874923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robust-control","display_name":"Robust control","score":0.4191795587539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-observer","display_name":"State observer","score":0.41207355260849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.39507174491882324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal","display_name":"Coal","score":0.3320724070072174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3277977406978607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.3107272982597351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-gasification","display_name":"Coal gasification","score":0.25323686003685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.1885923445224762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17553365230560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-management","display_name":"Waste management","score":0.07101702690124512}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.7602747082710266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778601115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2571404","display_name":"Underground coal gasification","level":4,"score":0.6735167503356934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.6599609851837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.627787172794342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5995861291885376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778132902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042725","display_name":"Integral sliding mode","level":4,"score":0.5298701524734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.513116180896759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5125484466552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36662352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6008560","display_name":"Sliding mode control","level":3,"score":0.505620002746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780704645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458","display_name":"Observer (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4954181909561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.4765251874923706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31531917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915157","display_name":"Robust control","level":3,"score":0.4191795587539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3031470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818544","display_name":"State observer","level":3,"score":0.41207355260849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.39507174491882324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.3320724070072174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3277977406978607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3107272982597351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86021790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909968","display_name":"Coal gasification","level":3,"score":0.25323686003685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.1885923445224762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17553365230560303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.07101702690124512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mmar.2018.8486053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mmar.2018.8486053","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 23rd International Conference on Methods & Models in Automation & Robotics (MMAR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1516447630","https://openalex.org/W1790002943","https://openalex.org/W1975777068","https://openalex.org/W1981851846","https://openalex.org/W1981967337","https://openalex.org/W1988553783","https://openalex.org/W2063395291","https://openalex.org/W2071891126","https://openalex.org/W2073128783","https://openalex.org/W2109483761","https://openalex.org/W2165082107","https://openalex.org/W2189393492","https://openalex.org/W2277429785","https://openalex.org/W2608680312","https://openalex.org/W4205972578","https://openalex.org/W4256152864","https://openalex.org/W4256153703","https://openalex.org/W6737036242"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392286806","https://openalex.org/W2386766233","https://openalex.org/W2375429440","https://openalex.org/W2172163927","https://openalex.org/W3123253234","https://openalex.org/W1965449281","https://openalex.org/W2351883772","https://openalex.org/W2743916083","https://openalex.org/W2018814930","https://openalex.org/W1574935257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,6,33,41,49,84,92,95,109,132],"the":[2,20,39,50,85,90,96,110,123,130,133],"challenging":[3],"control":[4,29,42,76,112,136],"problems":[5],"an":[7],"underground":[8],"coal":[9],"gasification":[10],"(UCG)":[11],"process":[12,35,52],"involves":[13],"maintaining":[14],"a":[15,27,46,60,71,81,98,143],"desired":[16,82],"heating":[17,86],"value":[18],"from":[19],"extracted":[21],"product":[22],"gases.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25,67],"paper,":[26],"model-based":[28],"and":[30,43,113,137],"state":[31,44],"estimation":[32,91,114,138],"UCG":[34,51,124],"is":[36,57,77,103,116],"described.":[37],"For":[38],"purpose":[40],"estimation,":[45],"sophisticated":[47],"model":[48],"using":[53],"partial":[54],"differential":[55],"equations":[56],"approximated":[58,68],"by":[59,118],"gain-scheduled":[61,99],"nonlinear":[62,111,135],"control-oriented":[63],"model.":[64],"Based":[65],"on":[66],"plant":[69],"model,":[70],"robust":[72],"integral":[73],"sliding":[74],"mode":[75],"designed":[78,104],"to":[79,142],"track":[80],"trajectory":[83],"value.":[87],"Furthermore,":[88],"for":[89],"unknown":[93],"states":[94],"system,":[97],"modified":[100],"Utkin":[101],"observer":[102],"as":[105],"well.":[106],"The":[107,126],"robustness":[108],"techniques":[115,139],"assessed":[117],"introducing":[119],"parametric":[120],"uncertainties":[121],"in":[122,140],"plant.":[125],"simulation":[127],"results":[128],"highlight":[129],"effectiveness":[131],"proposed":[134],"comparison":[141],"conventional":[144],"PI":[145],"controller.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}