{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390956107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2024.3354323","title":"Advancing Tiny Machine Learning Operations: Robust Model Updates in the Internet of Intelligent Vehicles","display_name":"Advancing Tiny Machine Learning Operations: Robust Model Updates in the Internet of Intelligent Vehicles","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390956107","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2024.3354323"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mm.2024.3354323","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2024.3354323","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59697426","display_name":"IEEE Micro","issn_l":"0272-1732","issn":["0272-1732","1937-4143"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Micro","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081192943","display_name":"Thommas Flores","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-8529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thommas K. S. Flores","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-8529","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079474193","display_name":"Ivanovitch Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0116-6489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivanovitch Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0116-6489","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075732715","display_name":"Mariana Azevedo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-8800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariana B. Azevedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-8800","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077042543","display_name":"Tha\u00eds Medeiros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6447-3806"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tha\u00eds de A. de Medeiros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6447-3806","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052726701","display_name":"Morsinaldo Medeiros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-5301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35046152","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn09761","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morsinaldo de A. Medeiros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7624-5301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068969835","display_name":"Daniel G. Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3988-8476"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121509","display_name":"Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Mangement","ror":"https://ror.org/02pk7c879","country_code":"PT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210121509"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel G. Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","INEGI, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3988-8476","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INEGI, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210121509"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017887033","display_name":"Paolo Ferrari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-4410"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79940851","display_name":"University of Brescia","ror":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paolo Ferrari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-4410","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076825230","display_name":"Emiliano Sisinni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5012-443X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79940851","display_name":"University of Brescia","ror":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emiliano Sisinni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5012-443X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081192943"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35046152"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67847185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"1","first_page":"76","last_page":"86"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8575440049171448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcontroller","display_name":"Microcontroller","score":0.7578543424606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5881115198135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.526278555393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.517804741859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4969959557056427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.4799002408981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.46885618567466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.22848349809646606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8575440049171448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.7578543424606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5881115198135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.526278555393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.517804741859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4969959557056427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.4799002408981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.46885618567466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.22848349809646606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mm.2024.3354323","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2024.3354323","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59697426","display_name":"IEEE Micro","issn_l":"0272-1732","issn":["0272-1732","1937-4143"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Micro","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unibs.it:11379/627785","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11379/627785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400804","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Brescia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2785435926","https://openalex.org/W2898017895","https://openalex.org/W2979417040","https://openalex.org/W3012125688","https://openalex.org/W3046497401","https://openalex.org/W3155912831","https://openalex.org/W3186677043","https://openalex.org/W4206339280","https://openalex.org/W4280527816","https://openalex.org/W4300857176","https://openalex.org/W4320497693"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368605798","https://openalex.org/W2518037665","https://openalex.org/W2348524959","https://openalex.org/W2368049389","https://openalex.org/W2384861574","https://openalex.org/W2952704802","https://openalex.org/W4294565801","https://openalex.org/W3091627987","https://openalex.org/W2147310439","https://openalex.org/W1605551782"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,62,92],"Internet":[1,50],"of":[2,48,51,69,86,133,136],"Intelligent":[3,52],"Vehicles":[4],"is":[5,13],"becoming":[6],"increasingly":[7],"important,":[8],"and":[9,80,98],"embedded":[10,30],"machine":[11,25],"learning":[12,26],"gaining":[14],"popularity":[15],"due":[16],"to":[17,101,129],"new":[18],"development":[19],"paradigms.":[20],"However,":[21],"the":[22,46,49,59,66,81,84,95,102,106,123,134,137],"demand":[23],"for":[24,43],"model":[27,97,119,130],"updates":[28],"on":[29,58,140],"systems":[31],"has":[32],"become":[33],"relevant":[34],"in":[35,65,118],"multiple":[36],"scenarios.":[37],"This":[38],"article":[39,67,124],"proposes":[40],"a":[41,76],"methodology":[42],"TinyMLOps":[44],"within":[45],"context":[47],"Vehicles,":[53],"utilizing":[54],"affordable":[55],"microcontrollers":[56],"based":[57],"ESP32":[60,71],"platform.":[61],"solution":[63],"presented":[64],"consists":[68],"two":[70],"devices:":[72],"one":[73],"functioning":[74],"as":[75,83],"Radio":[77],"Station":[78],"(RS)":[79],"other":[82],"microcontroller":[85],"an":[87],"On-Board":[88],"Diagnostic":[89],"(OBD-II)":[90],"scanner.":[91],"RS":[93],"hosts":[94],"updated":[96],"transmits":[99],"it":[100],"OBD-II":[103],"scanner":[104],"using":[105],"ESP-NOW":[107],"communication":[108],"protocol":[109],"over":[110],"802.11":[111],"Wi-Fi.":[112],"Experimental":[113],"results":[114],"demonstrate":[115],"significant":[116],"improvement":[117],"performance":[120],"post-update,":[121],"but":[122],"also":[125],"identifies":[126],"critical":[127],"challenges":[128],"robustness":[131],"because":[132],"use":[135],"interpreter":[138],"method":[139],"microcontrollers.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2024-01-18T00:00:00"}