{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963403878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2019.2931182","title":"Analog Neural Networks With Deep-Submicrometer Nonlinear Synapses","display_name":"Analog Neural Networks With Deep-Submicrometer Nonlinear Synapses","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963403878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2019.2931182","mag":"2963403878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mm.2019.2931182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2019.2931182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59697426","display_name":"IEEE Micro","issn_l":"0272-1732","issn":["0272-1732","1937-4143"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Micro","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/270338","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047647989","display_name":"Ahmet Caner Y\u00fcz\u00fcg\u00fcler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7809-9897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Caner Yuzuguler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075746861","display_name":"Firat \u00c7elik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9587-2204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Firat Celik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089926912","display_name":"Mario Drumond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1981-3525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Drumond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057697787","display_name":"Babak Falsafi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-8068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Babak Falsafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000947076","display_name":"Pascal Frossard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-714X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Frossard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, VD, CH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047647989"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1192,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45208498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"5","first_page":"55","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7813055515289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6835933923721313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analogue-electronics","display_name":"Analogue electronics","score":0.5769875645637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-computer","display_name":"Analog computer","score":0.5360603332519531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5308725833892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43558356165885925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.42832469940185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.3781973421573639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34637632966041565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3437463045120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15249952673912048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10770410299301147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7813055515289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6835933923721313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29074008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174925","display_name":"Analogue electronics","level":3,"score":0.5769875645637512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90915687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63759","display_name":"Analog computer","level":2,"score":0.5360603332519531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5308725833892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43558356165885925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.42832469940185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.3781973421573639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34637632966041565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3437463045120239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15249952673912048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10770410299301147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mm.2019.2931182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2019.2931182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59697426","display_name":"IEEE Micro","issn_l":"0272-1732","issn":["0272-1732","1937-4143"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Micro","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:270338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/270338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"research article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:270338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/270338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"research article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2085423645","https://openalex.org/W2142360946","https://openalex.org/W2161786772","https://openalex.org/W2285660444","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2518281301","https://openalex.org/W2536505949","https://openalex.org/W2613989746","https://openalex.org/W2795127895"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3100919150","https://openalex.org/W3111330318","https://openalex.org/W2375192119","https://openalex.org/W2157642754","https://openalex.org/W2384009164","https://openalex.org/W2188991353","https://openalex.org/W2092473657","https://openalex.org/W2103641320","https://openalex.org/W3012455919","https://openalex.org/W2181833778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Analog":[0],"computing":[1,35],"is":[2,68],"a":[3,60,96],"promising":[4],"approach":[5],"to":[6,42,51,74,83,105],"improve":[7],"the":[8,30],"silicon":[9],"efficiency":[10],"for":[11,22],"inference":[12,110],"accelerators":[13],"in":[14,101],"extremely":[15],"resource-constrained":[16],"environments.":[17],"Existing":[18],"analog":[19,34,63,92,109],"circuit":[20,65],"proposals":[21],"neural":[23,93],"networks,":[24],"however,":[25],"fall":[26],"short":[27],"of":[28,33],"realizing":[29],"full":[31],"potential":[32],"because":[36],"they":[37],"implement":[38],"linear":[39],"synapses,":[40],"leading":[41],"circuits":[43],"that":[44,67],"are":[45],"either":[46],"area":[47],"inefficient":[48],"or":[49],"vulnerable":[50],"process":[52,75],"variation.":[53,76],"In":[54],"this":[55],"paper,":[56],"we":[57],"first":[58],"present":[59],"novel":[61],"nonlinear":[62,85],"synapse":[64],"design":[66],"dense":[69],"and":[70,98,108],"inherently":[71],"less":[72],"sensitive":[73],"We":[77],"then":[78],"propose":[79],"an":[80],"interpolation-based":[81],"methodology":[82],"train":[84],"synapses":[86],"built":[87],"with":[88],"deep-submicrometer":[89],"transistors.":[90],"Our":[91],"network":[94],"achieves":[95],"29\u00d7":[97],"582\u00d7":[99],"improvement":[100],"computational":[102],"density":[103],"relative":[104],"state-of-the-art":[106],"digital":[107],"accelerators,":[111],"respectively.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
