{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944254022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2019.2910507","title":"Context-Sensitive Decoding: On-Demand Microcode Customization for Security and Energy Management","display_name":"Context-Sensitive Decoding: On-Demand Microcode Customization for Security and Energy Management","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944254022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2019.2910507","mag":"2944254022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mm.2019.2910507","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2019.2910507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59697426","display_name":"IEEE Micro","issn_l":"0272-1732","issn":["0272-1732","1937-4143"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Micro","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0x07012m","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055319560","display_name":"Mohammadkazem Taram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3325-5048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadkazem Taram","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010095801","display_name":"Ashish Venkat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1959-8463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashish Venkat","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065583627","display_name":"Dean M. Tullsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3174-9316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803209242","display_name":"University of California System","ror":"https://ror.org/00pjdza24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dean M. Tullsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803209242"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9576,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72287079,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"3","first_page":"75","last_page":"83"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.9230053424835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalization","display_name":"Personalization","score":0.6053719520568848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcode","display_name":"Microcode","score":0.6043156981468201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5978074073791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5879111886024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instruction-set","display_name":"Instruction set","score":0.5292916893959045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.5183275938034058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.48393040895462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-management","display_name":"Power management","score":0.46016690135002136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.43260711431503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.2927301526069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2900542616844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.26803112030029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0977923572063446}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.9230053424835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.6053719520568848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22174128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175869","display_name":"Microcode","level":2,"score":0.6043156981468201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5978074073791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5879111886024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202491316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272683","display_name":"Instruction set","level":2,"score":0.5292916893959045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.5183275938034058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.48393040895462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778774385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4437810","display_name":"Power management","level":3,"score":0.46016690135002136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.43260711431503296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2927301526069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2900542616844177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.26803112030029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0977923572063446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mm.2019.2910507","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mm.2019.2910507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S59697426","display_name":"IEEE Micro","issn_l":"0272-1732","issn":["0272-1732","1937-4143"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Micro","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0x07012m","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0x07012m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Micro, vol 39, iss 3","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0x07012m","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0x07012m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Micro, vol 39, iss 3","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2225644610","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HR0011-18-C-0020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1427174644","https://openalex.org/W2002991280","https://openalex.org/W2096835686","https://openalex.org/W2146573211","https://openalex.org/W2516501416","https://openalex.org/W2781723315","https://openalex.org/W2883098526","https://openalex.org/W2931030580","https://openalex.org/W2963311060","https://openalex.org/W3030132388","https://openalex.org/W6628261430","https://openalex.org/W6747544890"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997369499","https://openalex.org/W2766515706","https://openalex.org/W2044636723","https://openalex.org/W2131395890","https://openalex.org/W2156438153","https://openalex.org/W1710194169","https://openalex.org/W4308095727","https://openalex.org/W2105365737","https://openalex.org/W1574275277","https://openalex.org/W4237455350"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"instruction":[1],"set":[2],"decoders":[3],"feature":[4],"translation":[5,23,43,60],"of":[6,40],"native":[7],"instructions":[8],"into":[9],"internal":[10],"micro-ops":[11],"to":[12,84,101],"simplify":[13],"the":[14,41,46],"CPU":[15],"design":[16],"and":[17,90],"improve":[18],"instruction-level":[19],"parallelism.":[20],"However,":[21],"this":[22,69],"is":[24],"static":[25],"in":[26],"most":[27],"known":[28],"instances.":[29],"This":[30],"paper":[31,70],"proposes":[32],"context-sensitive":[33],"decoding,":[34],"a":[35,80,93],"technique":[36,96],"that":[37,97],"enables":[38],"customization":[39],"micro-op":[42],"based":[44],"on":[45],"current":[47],"execution":[48],"context":[49],"and/or":[50],"preset":[51],"hardware":[52],"events.":[53],"Further,":[54],"it":[55],"can":[56],"transition":[57],"between":[58],"different":[59],"modes":[61],"rapidly.":[62],"While":[63],"there":[64],"are":[65],"many":[66],"potential":[67],"applications,":[68],"demonstrates":[71],"its":[72],"effectiveness":[73],"with":[74],"two":[75],"use":[76],"cases:":[77],"1)":[78],"as":[79,92],"novel":[81],"security":[82],"defense":[83],"thwart":[85],"instruction/data":[86],"cache-based":[87],"side-channel":[88],"attacks;":[89],"2)":[91],"power":[94,105],"management":[95],"performs":[98],"selective":[99],"devectorization":[100],"enable":[102],"efficient":[103],"unit-level":[104],"gating.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}