{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3212673094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mlsp52302.2021.9596378","title":"Adversarial Attacks on Multi-Level Fault Detection and Diagnosis Systems","display_name":"Adversarial Attacks on Multi-Level Fault Detection and Diagnosis Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3212673094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mlsp52302.2021.9596378","mag":"3212673094"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mlsp52302.2021.9596378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mlsp52302.2021.9596378","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 31st International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030159767","display_name":"Akram S. Awad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6410-3132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Akram S. Awad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Central Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Orlando,FL,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Central Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Orlando,FL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003538946","display_name":"Ismail Alkhouri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-5509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ismail R. Alkhouri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Central Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Orlando,FL,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Central Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Orlando,FL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003612688","display_name":"George Atia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7958-9855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106165777","display_name":"University of Central Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/036nfer12","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George K. Atia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Central Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Orlando,FL,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Central Florida,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Orlando,FL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030159767"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106165777"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2719,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64358529,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7439930438995361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.723467230796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6529462337493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.5170372128486633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5112431049346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.49773481488227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.493328720331192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43603986501693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.39038461446762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.35211583971977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.331601083278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1488610804080963}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7439930438995361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.723467230796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6529462337493896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.5170372128486633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5112431049346924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.49773481488227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.493328720331192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43603986501693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39038461446762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.35211583971977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.331601083278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1488610804080963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mlsp52302.2021.9596378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mlsp52302.2021.9596378","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 31st International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3736233273","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-EE0009152","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4439686520","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-2106339","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W771629075","https://openalex.org/W1965348531","https://openalex.org/W2020583287","https://openalex.org/W2062132646","https://openalex.org/W2113642685","https://openalex.org/W2136605444","https://openalex.org/W2159778339","https://openalex.org/W2163121678","https://openalex.org/W2172000360","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2295773848","https://openalex.org/W2736837310","https://openalex.org/W2774644650","https://openalex.org/W2803831897","https://openalex.org/W2962700793","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2979878901","https://openalex.org/W2997532515","https://openalex.org/W3013520104","https://openalex.org/W3015707549","https://openalex.org/W3015906298","https://openalex.org/W3029455779","https://openalex.org/W3047406501","https://openalex.org/W3090857213","https://openalex.org/W3098276446","https://openalex.org/W3103940881","https://openalex.org/W3161111820","https://openalex.org/W3161569236","https://openalex.org/W4394644156","https://openalex.org/W6680055453","https://openalex.org/W6864546407"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3176240006","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4288019534","https://openalex.org/W4310988119"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Building":[0],"automation":[1],"systems":[2],"are":[3],"susceptible":[4],"to":[5,41,49,68],"malicious":[6],"attacks,":[7],"causing":[8],"erroneous":[9],"Fault":[10,27],"Detection":[11,28],"and":[12,29,39,75,128],"Diagnosis":[13,30],"(FDD).":[14],"In":[15],"this":[16],"paper,":[17],"we":[18],"aim":[19],"at":[20],"examining":[21],"the":[22,57,63,71,88,101,117,124,131],"robustness":[23,122],"of":[24,56,97,123,130],"a":[25,78,94],"Hierarchical":[26],"(HFDD)":[31],"model,":[32],"which":[33],"uses":[34],"multiple":[35],"levels":[36,55],"for":[37],"detection":[38],"diagnosis,":[40],"adversarial":[42],"perturbation":[43],"attacks.":[44],"We":[45,60,92],"formulate":[46],"convex":[47],"programs":[48],"generate":[50],"small":[51],"perturbations":[52],"targeting":[53],"different":[54],"HFDD":[58,64,102],"model.":[59],"show":[61],"that":[62,76],"model":[65,103],"is":[66,113],"harder":[67],"fool":[69],"than":[70],"single":[72],"level":[73,80,90,126],"classifier":[74],"attacking":[77],"certain":[79],"can":[81],"be":[82],"achieved":[83],"with":[84],"negligible":[85],"effect":[86],"on":[87,100,116],"higher":[89,125],"accuracy.":[91],"perform":[93],"case":[95],"study":[96],"said":[98],"attacks":[99],"using":[104],"experimental":[105],"data":[106],"from":[107],"faulty":[108],"Air":[109],"Handling":[110],"Units.":[111],"Performance":[112],"evaluated":[114],"based":[115],"reduction":[118],"in":[119],"classification":[120],"accuracy,":[121,127],"imperceptibility":[129],"attack.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
