{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3159028934","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2021.3058623","title":"China's 12-Year Quest of Autonomous Vehicular Intelligence: The Intelligent Vehicles Future Challenge Program","display_name":"China's 12-Year Quest of Autonomous Vehicular Intelligence: The Intelligent Vehicles Future Challenge Program","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3159028934","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2021.3058623","mag":"3159028934"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mits.2021.3058623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2021.3058623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131000621","display_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","issn_l":"1939-1390","issn":["1939-1390","1941-1197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113600509","display_name":"Fei\u2013Yue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei-Yue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9185-3989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047405956","display_name":"Nanning Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1608-8257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nanning Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1608-8257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114911316","display_name":"Li Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9428-1960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9428-1960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, BNRist, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031227866","display_name":"Jingmin Xin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1906-2327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingmin Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1906-2327","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112719601","display_name":"Xiao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0008-0659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112270","display_name":"Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries","ror":"https://ror.org/02a0rnh86","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112270"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0008-0659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries, the State Key Laboratory of Management and Control of Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210112270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013585366","display_name":"Linhai Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7785-6913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linhai Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112113074","display_name":"Bin Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-1282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-1282","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051037716","display_name":"Guozheng Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102398690","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102398690"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guozheng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102398690"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082627016","display_name":"Zhaotian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0436-3338"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102398690","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102398690"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaotian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102398690"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101970771","display_name":"Chenghong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-5189"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenghong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Association of Automation, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Association of Automation, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336450","display_name":"Long Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-0572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-0572","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.976,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85264378,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"6","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.958299994468689,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9203000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6759018898010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.6619215607643127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5459626317024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5400269031524658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.49730804562568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3791033625602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.3602167069911957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3374708890914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.3339472711086273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.32735493779182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.30593442916870117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23347076773643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.07879412174224854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6759018898010254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.6619215607643127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5459626317024231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5400269031524658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.49730804562568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3791033625602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.3602167069911957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3374708890914917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.3339472711086273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.32735493779182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.30593442916870117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23347076773643494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.07879412174224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mits.2021.3058623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2021.3058623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131000621","display_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","issn_l":"1939-1390","issn":["1939-1390","1941-1197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4432872099","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61790565","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1681187736","https://openalex.org/W1959395154","https://openalex.org/W2074437835","https://openalex.org/W2102104695","https://openalex.org/W2123739610","https://openalex.org/W2148286984","https://openalex.org/W2154844948","https://openalex.org/W2505763307","https://openalex.org/W2521921275","https://openalex.org/W2734479159","https://openalex.org/W2738419683","https://openalex.org/W2754582354","https://openalex.org/W2797143217","https://openalex.org/W2898546551","https://openalex.org/W2923088732","https://openalex.org/W3032950445","https://openalex.org/W3110877594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2140798747","https://openalex.org/W2948169060","https://openalex.org/W2730112582","https://openalex.org/W2110696645","https://openalex.org/W2358580169","https://openalex.org/W2111347279","https://openalex.org/W4399426197","https://openalex.org/W2487211728","https://openalex.org/W2378096925"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"article,":[2],"we":[3,43,67],"introduce":[4],"the":[5,22,36,60,74,78],"Intelligent":[6],"Vehicles":[7],"Future":[8],"Challenge":[9],"of":[10,21,29,48,62],"China":[11],"(IVFC),":[12],"which":[13],"has":[14],"lasted":[15],"12":[16],"years.":[17],"Some":[18],"key":[19],"features":[20],"tests":[23],"and":[24,33,41,51,57,77],"a":[25,46],"few":[26],"interesting":[27],"findings":[28],"IVFC":[30],"are":[31],"selected":[32],"presented.":[34],"Through":[35],"IVFCs":[37],"held":[38],"between":[39],"2009":[40],"2020,":[42],"gradually":[44],"established":[45],"set":[47],"theories,":[49],"methods,":[50],"tools":[52],"to":[53,71],"collect":[54],"tests?":[55],"data":[56],"efficiently":[58],"evaluate":[59],"performance":[61],"autonomous":[63,75],"vehicles":[64,76],"so":[65],"that":[66],"could":[68],"learn":[69],"how":[70],"improve":[72],"both":[73],"testing":[79],"system":[80],"itself.":[81]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
