{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2007122786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2014.2304754","title":"Intersection-Based Road User Tracking Using a Classifying Multiple-Model PHD Filter","display_name":"Intersection-Based Road User Tracking Using a Classifying Multiple-Model PHD Filter","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2007122786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2014.2304754","mag":"2007122786"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mits.2014.2304754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2014.2304754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131000621","display_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","issn_l":"1939-1390","issn":["1939-1390","1941-1197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-99026","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110289998","display_name":"Daniel Mei\u00dfner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Meissner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014956076","display_name":"Stephan Reuter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4858-1081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Reuter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043015504","display_name":"Elias Strigel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elias Strigel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085054529","display_name":"Klaus Dietmayer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1651-014X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaus Dietmayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement, Control, and Microtechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110289998"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.48770553,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97433372,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"21","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.8607144355773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6603989005088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6418260931968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6067883968353271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.6039879322052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.542047381401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.44891342520713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3311005234718323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20091620087623596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.1122555136680603}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.8607144355773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6603989005088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6418260931968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6067883968353271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6039879322052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.542047381401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.44891342520713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3311005234718323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20091620087623596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.1122555136680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mits.2014.2304754","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2014.2304754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131000621","display_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","issn_l":"1939-1390","issn":["1939-1390","1941-1197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:oparu.uni-ulm.de:123456789/3284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-99026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400353","display_name":"OPen Access Repositorium der Universit\u00e4t Ulm (OPARU) (Ulm University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},{"id":"doi:10.18725/oparu-3257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18725/oparu-3257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052964","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm, Kommunikations- und Informationszentrum (kiz)","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:oparu.uni-ulm.de:123456789/3284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-99026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400353","display_name":"OPen Access Repositorium der Universit\u00e4t Ulm (OPARU) (Ulm University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","host_organization_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320719","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","ror":"https://ror.org/0101xrq71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325530","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W49160414","https://openalex.org/W182431003","https://openalex.org/W1524090374","https://openalex.org/W1561391377","https://openalex.org/W1602057758","https://openalex.org/W1826417238","https://openalex.org/W1893900968","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W1967968566","https://openalex.org/W2007568722","https://openalex.org/W2008972618","https://openalex.org/W2013912476","https://openalex.org/W2022712430","https://openalex.org/W2024165284","https://openalex.org/W2043545458","https://openalex.org/W2048687561","https://openalex.org/W2059745395","https://openalex.org/W2065760681","https://openalex.org/W2066024605","https://openalex.org/W2070135644","https://openalex.org/W2074654015","https://openalex.org/W2091706139","https://openalex.org/W2093492509","https://openalex.org/W2108119513","https://openalex.org/W2108837778","https://openalex.org/W2113506774","https://openalex.org/W2114475573","https://openalex.org/W2117986441","https://openalex.org/W2118943995","https://openalex.org/W2125118959","https://openalex.org/W2126447985","https://openalex.org/W2127400371","https://openalex.org/W2131436045","https://openalex.org/W2132538571","https://openalex.org/W2140318696","https://openalex.org/W2144351558","https://openalex.org/W2145962650","https://openalex.org/W2150059498","https://openalex.org/W2153622543","https://openalex.org/W2153723155","https://openalex.org/W2155151262","https://openalex.org/W2157321686","https://openalex.org/W2168103112","https://openalex.org/W2168790157","https://openalex.org/W2169075713","https://openalex.org/W2172195418","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2404400936","https://openalex.org/W2951813019","https://openalex.org/W6607420541","https://openalex.org/W6631434998","https://openalex.org/W6639408265","https://openalex.org/W6680770193","https://openalex.org/W6681243739","https://openalex.org/W6764566129","https://openalex.org/W6947858359"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348909947","https://openalex.org/W4292672442","https://openalex.org/W2084086966","https://openalex.org/W2362101859","https://openalex.org/W2941610985","https://openalex.org/W2791431590","https://openalex.org/W4235810826","https://openalex.org/W1978900583","https://openalex.org/W2350688482","https://openalex.org/W2215635302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0,96],"to":[1,82,97,137,156,266],"an":[2,41],"increasing":[3],"number":[4],"of":[5,13,60,67,94,101,109,141,165,169,179,187,191,208,233,247,252],"traffic":[6,14,71,273],"accident":[7],"fatalities":[8],"at":[9,16,70,272],"intersections,":[10],"the":[11,65,98,102,107,125,166,170,176,188,198,202,209,218,234,238,245,248,253,257,261,263],"prevention":[12],"accidents":[15],"intersection":[17,34,42],"attracts":[18],"more":[19,21],"and":[20,49,106,149,161,168,226,256,268,280],"attention":[22],"in":[23,28,35,221],"public":[24,33],"as":[25,27,52,54],"well":[26,53],"research.":[29],"Thus,":[30,73],"a":[31,74,112,182],"busy":[32],"Aschaffenburg,":[36],"Germany":[37],"was":[38],"equipped":[39],"with":[40,91,144,237,277],"perception":[43],"system,":[44],"which":[45,79,135],"contains":[46],"multiple":[47,84,88,210],"laserscanners":[48,225],"video":[50,227],"cameras":[51,228],"data":[55],"processing":[56],"units.":[57],"The":[58,152,231],"focus":[59],"this":[61,124],"thesis":[62],"lays":[63],"on":[64,123,197],"tracking":[66,75,104],"road":[68,139,219,270],"users":[69,140,220,271],"intersections.":[72],"approach":[76],"is":[77,80,120,133,154,194,242],"required":[78],"able":[81,155],"handle":[83],"objects":[85],"detected":[86],"by":[87,244],"classifying":[89,126],"sensors":[90],"different":[92,142],"field":[93],"views.":[95],"topdown":[99],"modeling":[100,251],"multi-object":[103],"problem":[105],"availability":[108],"efficient":[110],"implementations,":[111],"Gaussian":[113],"mixture":[114],"probability":[115,128],"hypothesis":[116,129],"density":[117,130],"(GM-PHD)":[118],"filter":[119,132,212,241],"used.":[121,173,230],"Based":[122,196],"multiple-model":[127],"(CMMPHD)":[131],"developed":[134,264],"facilitates":[136],"track":[138,181,269],"type":[143],"its":[145],"appropriate":[146],"motion":[147,204],"model":[148,175,205,211],"classify":[150],"them.":[151],"classification":[153],"distinguish":[157],"pedestrians,":[158],"bikes,":[159],"cars,":[160],"trucks.":[162],"Therefore,":[163],"features":[164],"measurements":[167,236],"tracks":[171],"are":[172,213,229,275],"To":[174,215],"object":[177],"class":[178],"each":[180],"basic":[183],"belief":[184],"assignment":[185],"(BBA)":[186],"Dempster-Shafer":[189],"theory":[190],"evidence":[192],"(DST)":[193],"exploited.":[195],"estimated":[199],"objects\u2019":[200,203],"classes":[201],"transition":[206],"probabilities":[207],"adapted.":[214],"reliably":[216],"recognise":[217],"their":[222],"varying":[223],"appearances,":[224],"fusion":[232],"sensor":[235,249,279],"multi-sensor":[239],"CMMPHD":[240],"realized":[243],"introduction":[246],"individual":[250],"recognition":[254],"abilities":[255],"detection":[258],"probability.":[259],"In":[260],"end,":[262],"methods":[265],"recognize":[267],"intersections":[274],"evaluated":[276],"real-world":[278],"reference":[281],"data.":[282]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
