{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2001757202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2012.2217572","title":"A new confidence estimator for vehicle tracking based on a generalization of Bayes filtering","display_name":"A new confidence estimator for vehicle tracking based on a generalization of Bayes filtering","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2001757202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2012.2217572","mag":"2001757202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mits.2012.2217572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2012.2217572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131000621","display_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","issn_l":"1939-1390","issn":["1939-1390","1941-1197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014546472","display_name":"Richard Altendorfer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2884-8444"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115888","display_name":"TRW Automotive (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/02j8awh30","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115888","https://openalex.org/I887702905"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887702905","display_name":"TRW Automotive (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01jzgmh92","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887702905"]}],"countries":["DE","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Altendorfer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Driver Assistance Systems, TRW Automotive, Koblenz, Germany","Driver Assistance Syst., TRW Automotive, Koblenz, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Driver Assistance Systems, TRW Automotive, Koblenz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115888"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Driver Assistance Syst., TRW Automotive, Koblenz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887702905"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032302693","display_name":"Stephan Matzka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3458-5786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322300227","display_name":"Audi (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/02aykj333","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322300227"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Matzka","raw_affiliation_strings":["AUDI AG, Ingolstadt, Germany","AUDI AG Ingolstadt, Germany#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AUDI AG, Ingolstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322300227"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AUDI AG Ingolstadt, Germany#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322300227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014546472"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115888","https://openalex.org/I887702905"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4281,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70618664,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":"30","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.7254505157470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6800562143325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayes-theorem","display_name":"Bayes' theorem","score":0.6689531207084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.606423556804657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.46878254413604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.45747777819633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.45185720920562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42779937386512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.40044504404067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38574543595314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36642879247665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.2435895800590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2214052379131317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.20534801483154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.18300402164459229}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.7254505157470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6800562143325806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207201462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182505","display_name":"Bayes' theorem","level":3,"score":0.6689531207084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.606423556804657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.46878254413604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.45747777819633484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.45185720920562744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42779937386512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.40044504404067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38574543595314026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36642879247665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.2435895800590515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2214052379131317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.20534801483154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.18300402164459229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mits.2012.2217572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mits.2012.2217572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S131000621","display_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","issn_l":"1939-1390","issn":["1939-1390","1941-1197"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525636288","https://openalex.org/W1568122762","https://openalex.org/W1603405108","https://openalex.org/W1663421356","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W2014470494","https://openalex.org/W2014787937","https://openalex.org/W2054571191","https://openalex.org/W2058130919","https://openalex.org/W2082650700","https://openalex.org/W2106873007","https://openalex.org/W2117363869","https://openalex.org/W2126736494","https://openalex.org/W2126812776","https://openalex.org/W2129078811","https://openalex.org/W2136532901","https://openalex.org/W2146514558","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2154616225","https://openalex.org/W2157535676","https://openalex.org/W2157812763","https://openalex.org/W2158698691","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2163557299","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2165948751","https://openalex.org/W2167536584","https://openalex.org/W2178328776","https://openalex.org/W2226954378","https://openalex.org/W2336416123","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6631383407","https://openalex.org/W6637222394","https://openalex.org/W6653904830","https://openalex.org/W6681670809"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2162899405","https://openalex.org/W3113091479","https://openalex.org/W941090075","https://openalex.org/W2044987316","https://openalex.org/W2237480245","https://openalex.org/W3134374554","https://openalex.org/W2519167559","https://openalex.org/W2075065631","https://openalex.org/W4288358396"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"safety-critical":[1],"driver":[2],"assistance":[3],"systems":[4],"such":[5,70],"as":[6],"automatic":[7],"emergency":[8],"braking":[9],"that":[10],"require":[11],"the":[12,15,46,55,85],"estimation":[13,97],"of":[14,21,25,57,68,77,81,88,102,106],"vehicle's":[16],"environment":[17],"usually":[18],"a":[19,74,79,89,95,100,111,120],"measure":[20],"confidence":[22],"or":[23,48],"probability":[24,80,101],"existence":[26,82],"for":[27,99],"tracked":[28],"objects":[29,38,41],"is":[30,34],"required.":[31],"Its":[32],"purpose":[33],"to":[35,53,94,110],"distinguish":[36],"real":[37],"from":[39],"spurious":[40],"based":[42],"on":[43],"artifacts":[44],"within":[45],"measurement":[47],"tracking":[49],"process":[50],"in":[51],"order":[52],"reduce":[54],"number":[56],"erroneous":[58],"deployments":[59],"(false":[60],"alarms).":[61],"We":[62,72],"review":[63],"and":[64,117],"assess":[65],"existing":[66],"approaches":[67],"obtaining":[69],"measures.":[71],"propose":[73],"new":[75],"method":[76],"computing":[78],"by":[83,119],"relaxing":[84],"underlying":[86],"assumption":[87],"Bayes":[90,113],"filter":[91,114],"which":[92],"leads":[93],"novel":[96],"algorithm":[98],"existence.":[103],"The":[104],"benefits":[105],"this":[107],"approach":[108],"compared":[109],"standard":[112],"are":[115],"illustrated":[116],"corroborated":[118],"numerical":[121],"study":[122],"using":[123],"experimental":[124],"data.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}