{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4383334244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2023.3284628","title":"Can Large Language Models Better Predict Software Vulnerability?","display_name":"Can Large Language Models Better Predict Software Vulnerability?","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4383334244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2023.3284628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mitp.2023.3284628","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2023.3284628","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6294/10174272/10174672.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86192639","display_name":"IT Professional","issn_l":"1520-9202","issn":["1520-9202","1941-045X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IT Professional","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6294/10174272/10174672.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075699395","display_name":"Evangelos Katsadouros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6095-1412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094138","display_name":"University of West Attica","ror":"https://ror.org/00r2r5k05","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094138"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evangelos Katsadouros","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of West Attica, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of West Attica, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062392678","display_name":"Charalampos Z. Patrikakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-4466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094138","display_name":"University of West Attica","ror":"https://ror.org/00r2r5k05","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094138"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charalampos Z. Patrikakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of West Attica, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1921-4466","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of West Attica, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094138"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043090181","display_name":"George Hurlburt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-3805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800982586","display_name":"Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnz7c87","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800982586"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Hurlburt","raw_affiliation_strings":["STEMCorp, Tall Timbers, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4829-3805","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STEMCorp, Tall Timbers, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800982586"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0551,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89337161,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"4","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7962169647216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6052700877189636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5832362771034241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realm","display_name":"Realm","score":0.5689664483070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability-management","display_name":"Vulnerability management","score":0.5634108185768127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability-assessment","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","score":0.4597502052783966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-coding","display_name":"Secure coding","score":0.4567590355873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44285649061203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4263169467449188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.4197281002998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3627315163612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35788965225219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.29906702041625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-security-assurance","display_name":"Software security assurance","score":0.23115018010139465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12092539668083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.09287375211715698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7962169647216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6052700877189636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5832362771034241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778757428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250464","display_name":"Realm","level":2,"score":0.5689664483070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172776598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7943570","display_name":"Vulnerability management","level":4,"score":0.5634108185768127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.4597502052783966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22680326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444867","display_name":"Secure coding","level":5,"score":0.4567590355873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44285649061203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4263169467449188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.4197281002998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3627315163612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35788965225219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.29906702041625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62913178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554361","display_name":"Software security assurance","level":4,"score":0.23115018010139465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12092539668083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.09287375211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mitp.2023.3284628","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2023.3284628","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6294/10174272/10174672.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86192639","display_name":"IT Professional","issn_l":"1520-9202","issn":["1520-9202","1941-045X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IT Professional","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mitp.2023.3284628","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2023.3284628","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6294/10174272/10174672.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86192639","display_name":"IT Professional","issn_l":"1520-9202","issn":["1520-9202","1941-045X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IT Professional","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383334244.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4383334244.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2781491433","https://openalex.org/W2885030880","https://openalex.org/W2950087183","https://openalex.org/W2962960733","https://openalex.org/W2972135640","https://openalex.org/W2985739320","https://openalex.org/W3101228802","https://openalex.org/W3111602563","https://openalex.org/W3127736190","https://openalex.org/W3137781054","https://openalex.org/W4287673430","https://openalex.org/W4312436517","https://openalex.org/W4321854066","https://openalex.org/W4366342667","https://openalex.org/W4367860052","https://openalex.org/W4379538552","https://openalex.org/W6767260250","https://openalex.org/W6783197149","https://openalex.org/W6850710855","https://openalex.org/W6851748684","https://openalex.org/W6852887568","https://openalex.org/W6853672345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392503306","https://openalex.org/W2393340519","https://openalex.org/W2390459954","https://openalex.org/W4220885008","https://openalex.org/W2057803998","https://openalex.org/W2892115998","https://openalex.org/W4298219515","https://openalex.org/W2123075981","https://openalex.org/W2796094063","https://openalex.org/W2980033082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"analysis":[1],"of":[2,50,59],"software":[3,5,61],"for":[4],"vulnerability":[6],"has":[7],"matured":[8],"over":[9],"the":[10,13,47,57],"years.":[11],"In":[12],"beginning,":[14],"linear":[15],"approaches":[16,37],"were":[17,38],"tried":[18],"to":[19,44,56],"isolate":[20],"known":[21],"vulnerabilities":[22],"via":[23],"after-the-fact":[24],"static":[25],"analysis.":[26],"As":[27],"neural":[28],"nets":[29],"and":[30],"machine":[31],"learning":[32],"became":[33],"useful,":[34],"more":[35],"dynamic":[36],"applied,":[39],"It":[40],"will":[41],"be":[42],"interesting":[43],"see":[45],"what":[46],"new":[48],"wave":[49],"Generative":[51],"Artificial":[52],"intelligence":[53],"can":[54],"contribute":[55],"realm":[58],"assessing":[60],"vulnerabilities.":[62]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
