{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2769636162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2017.4241459","title":"The Economics of \u201cFake News\u201d","display_name":"The Economics of \u201cFake News\u201d","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2769636162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2017.4241459","mag":"2769636162"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mitp.2017.4241459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2017.4241459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86192639","display_name":"IT Professional","issn_l":"1520-9202","issn":["1520-9202","1941-045X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IT Professional","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Economics_2017.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025481201","display_name":"Nir Kshetri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-4212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","ror":"https://ror.org/04fnxsj42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nir Kshetri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Greensboro"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113985843","display_name":"Jeffrey Voas","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Voas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cigital and Computer's Cybertrust"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cigital and Computer's Cybertrust","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.1579,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98910445,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"6","first_page":"8","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9611999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtuous-circle-and-vicious-circle","display_name":"Virtuous circle and vicious circle","score":0.6806740760803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fake-news","display_name":"Fake news","score":0.6488684415817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6177117228507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5640259981155396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumption","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","score":0.5325276851654053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5056078433990479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.49083811044692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.45810580253601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.4542260468006134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.39314836263656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.3455231189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3336039185523987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.27720844745635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.2219955027103424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.18019512295722961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.16773951053619385}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23979983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165103","display_name":"Virtuous circle and vicious circle","level":2,"score":0.6806740760803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779756789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28549308","display_name":"Fake news","level":2,"score":0.6488684415817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6177117228507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5640259981155396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.5325276851654053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5056078433990479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.49083811044692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.45810580253601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.4542260468006134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.39314836263656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3455231189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3336039185523987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.27720844745635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2219955027103424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.18019512295722961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.16773951053619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mitp.2017.4241459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2017.4241459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86192639","display_name":"IT Professional","issn_l":"1520-9202","issn":["1520-9202","1941-045X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IT Professional","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/25511","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Economics_2017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/25511","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Economics_2017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2769636162.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2769636162.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136015481","https://openalex.org/W2167228295","https://openalex.org/W2433203947","https://openalex.org/W2582561810","https://openalex.org/W2625754971"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2348267796","https://openalex.org/W1530994729","https://openalex.org/W3122738923","https://openalex.org/W2317836581","https://openalex.org/W1549461747","https://openalex.org/W2012847783","https://openalex.org/W2124679543","https://openalex.org/W1210702793","https://openalex.org/W4233370086"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"False":[0],"information":[1],"has":[2],"economic,":[3],"political,":[4],"and":[5,13,16,25,65,71,78,91],"social":[6],"consequences.":[7],"The":[8,57,83],"authors":[9,58],"analyze":[10],"the":[11,23,60,89,93],"real":[12],"perceived":[14],"costs":[15],"benefits":[17],"to":[18,36,87],"those":[19],"that":[20,40,67],"engage":[21],"in":[22,98],"creation":[24],"platform":[26],"support":[27],"of":[28,54,62,96],"false":[29,55],"information.":[30,56],"Special":[31],"consideration":[32],"is":[33,51],"given":[34],"here":[35],"digital":[37],"advertising":[38],"ecosystems":[39],"provide":[41],"a":[42,80],"supportive":[43],"environment":[44],"for":[45],"\u201cfake":[46],"news\u201d":[47],"creation.":[48],"Fake":[49],"news":[50],"one":[52],"type":[53],"discuss":[59],"context":[61],"fake-news":[63,68],"consumption,":[64],"suggest":[66],"creators,":[69],"consumers,":[70],"various":[72],"arbiters":[73],"can":[74],"reinforce":[75],"each":[76],"other":[77],"form":[79],"vicious":[81],"circle.":[82],"article":[84],"proposes":[85],"mechanisms":[86],"break":[88],"circle":[90],"alter":[92],"cost-benefit":[94],"structure":[95],"engaging":[97],"this":[99],"activity.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
