{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2037267952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mipro.2014.6859741","title":"Script independent feature set for handwritten text recognition","display_name":"Script independent feature set for handwritten text recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2037267952","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mipro.2014.6859741","mag":"2037267952"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mipro.2014.6859741","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mipro.2014.6859741","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 37th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060134957","display_name":"Deepti Khanduja","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83205935","display_name":"Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/0077k1j32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deepti Khanduja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, MNIT, Jaipur, India","Dept. of Comput. Eng., MNIT Jaipur, Jaipur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, MNIT, Jaipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Eng., MNIT Jaipur, Jaipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050462733","display_name":"Neeta Nain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0550-0376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83205935","display_name":"Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/0077k1j32","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neeta Nain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, MNIT, Jaipur, India","Dept. of Comput. Eng., MNIT Jaipur, Jaipur, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, MNIT, Jaipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Eng., MNIT Jaipur, Jaipur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060134957"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83205935"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2439,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58300516,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1147","last_page":"1152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7506694793701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.708610475063324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6860197186470032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.632218062877655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6203548312187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.4956933259963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4891352951526642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.4711906909942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.4388082027435303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-character-recognition","display_name":"Optical character recognition","score":0.4376016855239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30530881881713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.27671268582344055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7506694793701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.708610475063324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6860197186470032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.632218062877655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6203548312187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.4956933259963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4891352951526642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.4711906909942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.4388082027435303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546480517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167555","display_name":"Optical character recognition","level":3,"score":0.4376016855239868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30530881881713867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27671268582344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mipro.2014.6859741","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mipro.2014.6859741","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 37th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503820821","https://openalex.org/W1973841111","https://openalex.org/W2024941385","https://openalex.org/W2084781027","https://openalex.org/W2122120008","https://openalex.org/W2138270545","https://openalex.org/W2140042332","https://openalex.org/W2142775019","https://openalex.org/W6630125222"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3113091479","https://openalex.org/W3204576215","https://openalex.org/W4295934125","https://openalex.org/W3160316822","https://openalex.org/W1581784047","https://openalex.org/W4283017656","https://openalex.org/W2774927939","https://openalex.org/W4381663721","https://openalex.org/W2095030957","https://openalex.org/W2066827917"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,147,158],"efficiency":[1],"of":[2,13,39,46,54,80,83,88,121,123,134,165],"any":[3,168,172],"character":[4,23,41,62,85,100],"recognition":[5,163],"technique":[6],"is":[7,63,102,112,128],"directly":[8],"dependent":[9],"on":[10,114,153],"the":[11,14,36,40,51,61,72,84,98,124,131,135],"accuracy":[12,164],"generated":[15],"feature":[16,119,145],"set":[17],"which":[18],"could":[19],"uniquely":[20],"represent":[21],"a":[22,32,43,55,58,68,78,118],"and":[24,42,65,71,92,107,141,155],"hence":[25,142],"correctly":[26],"recognize":[27],"it.":[28],"This":[29,126],"paper":[30],"proposes":[31],"hybrid":[33],"approach":[34,148],"combining":[35],"structural":[37,81],"features":[38,53,82],"mathematical":[44],"model":[45,111],"curve":[47,109],"fitting":[48,110],"to":[49,67],"simulate":[50],"best":[52],"character.":[56],"As":[57],"preprocessing":[59],"step":[60],"binarized":[64],"transformed":[66],"thinned":[69,99],"skeleton":[70],"spurious":[73],"edges":[74],"are":[75,95],"removed.":[76],"Then,":[77],"combination":[79],"like":[86],"number":[87],"end":[89],"points,":[90],"loops":[91],"intersection":[93],"points":[94],"calculated.":[96],"Further,":[97],"image":[101],"statistically":[103],"zoned":[104],"into":[105],"partitions":[106],"quadratic":[108],"applied":[113],"each":[115,139],"partition":[116],"forming":[117],"vector":[120,127],"coefficients":[122],"curve.":[125],"combined":[129],"with":[130],"spatial":[132],"distribution":[133],"foreground":[136],"pixels":[137],"for":[138,167],"zone":[140],"script":[143,169,173],"independent":[144],"representation.":[146],"has":[149],"been":[150],"evaluated":[151],"experimentally":[152],"English":[154],"Hindi":[156],"scripts.":[157],"algorithm":[159],"achieves":[160],"as":[161],"average":[162],"89%":[166],"without":[170],"incorporating":[171],"specific":[174],"features.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
