{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3217618635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mim.2021.9620025","title":"Current and Future Technologies of the CNAO Dose Delivery System","display_name":"Current and Future Technologies of the CNAO Dose Delivery System","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3217618635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mim.2021.9620025","mag":"3217618635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mim.2021.9620025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mim.2021.9620025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121167460","display_name":"IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine","issn_l":"1094-6969","issn":["1094-6969","1941-0123"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Instrumentation &amp; Measurement Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1841676","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011399578","display_name":"M. Donetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-6274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101051","display_name":"National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy","ror":"https://ror.org/016fa9e26","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marco Donetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy,Pavia,Italy","National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy,Pavia,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017836757","display_name":"S. Giordanengo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-1182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160013858","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare","ror":"https://ror.org/005ta0471","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099850","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/01vj6ck58","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simona Giordanengo","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN),Turin,Italy","National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Turin, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN),Turin,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099850"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Turin, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160013858"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014043673","display_name":"Christian Graeff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5296-7649"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Graeff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical physics group, German Ion Research Center,Biophysics Department,Darmstadt,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical physics group, German Ion Research Center,Biophysics Department,Darmstadt,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034772256","display_name":"Michelle Lis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9117-0985"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Lis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leo Cancer Care,Madison,Wisconsin,USA","Leo Cancer Care, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leo Cancer Care,Madison,Wisconsin,USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leo Cancer Care, Madison, Wisconsin, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042096762","display_name":"F\u00e9lix M\u00e1s Mili\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-1672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3122449915","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/01zwq4y59","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3122449915"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["BR","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felix Mas Milian","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of Santa Cruz,Ilheus,Brazil","State University of Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Brazil","University of Turin, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of Santa Cruz,Ilheus,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122449915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3122449915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Turin, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004489921","display_name":"M. Pullia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-431X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101051","display_name":"National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy","ror":"https://ror.org/016fa9e26","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Pullia","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNAO Foundation,Research and Development Department,Pavia,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNAO Foundation,Research and Development Department,Pavia,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028768324","display_name":"Timo Steinsberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2388-8706"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Steinsberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Ion Research Center,Biophysics Department,Darmstadt,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Ion Research Center,Biophysics Department,Darmstadt,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022507645","display_name":"A. Vignati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8137-9080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Vignati","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Turin,Italy","University of Turin, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Turin,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Turin, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025846838","display_name":"S. Rossi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8722-6181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101051","display_name":"National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy","ror":"https://ror.org/016fa9e26","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandro Rossi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy,Pavia,Italy","National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy,Pavia,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Oncological Hadrontherapy, Pavia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011399578"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101051"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66158695,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"9","first_page":"61","last_page":"69"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11176","display_name":"Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delivery-system","display_name":"Delivery system","score":0.6602660417556763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.5691657066345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-laboratory","display_name":"National laboratory","score":0.42816054821014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-medicine","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","score":0.36949947476387024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.36202552914619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3497995138168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-engineering","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","score":0.3434600234031677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2495524287223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-engineering","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","score":0.16192162036895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-physics","display_name":"Engineering physics","score":0.15338391065597534}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983812674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134808","display_name":"Delivery system","level":2,"score":0.6602660417556763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.5691657066345215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991948145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16801175","display_name":"National laboratory","level":2,"score":0.42816054821014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.36949947476387024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36202552914619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3497995138168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.3434600234031677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2495524287223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16192162036895752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61696701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q770766","display_name":"Engineering physics","level":1,"score":0.15338391065597534}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mim.2021.9620025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mim.2021.9620025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121167460","display_name":"IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine","issn_l":"1094-6969","issn":["1094-6969","1941-0123"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Instrumentation &amp; Measurement Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unito.it:2318/1841676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1841676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400637","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","host_organization_name":"University of Turin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unito.it:2318/1841676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2318/1841676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400637","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","host_organization_name":"University of Turin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967121735","https://openalex.org/W1968899146","https://openalex.org/W1975486746","https://openalex.org/W1982062690","https://openalex.org/W1990713930","https://openalex.org/W1992326813","https://openalex.org/W1992997522","https://openalex.org/W2009440114","https://openalex.org/W2009537834","https://openalex.org/W2010121553","https://openalex.org/W2010168228","https://openalex.org/W2017529805","https://openalex.org/W2024925891","https://openalex.org/W2025179820","https://openalex.org/W2056153501","https://openalex.org/W2057535650","https://openalex.org/W2071962819","https://openalex.org/W2143101233","https://openalex.org/W2170560268","https://openalex.org/W2273280718","https://openalex.org/W2344317056","https://openalex.org/W2553836531","https://openalex.org/W2570397448","https://openalex.org/W2897998635","https://openalex.org/W2900647392","https://openalex.org/W2901540609","https://openalex.org/W2901661235","https://openalex.org/W2927569129","https://openalex.org/W2981674662","https://openalex.org/W3001756259","https://openalex.org/W3013532219","https://openalex.org/W3046485480","https://openalex.org/W3108078206","https://openalex.org/W3124882440","https://openalex.org/W3136097449","https://openalex.org/W3137419589"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386053707","https://openalex.org/W2341184295","https://openalex.org/W306539506","https://openalex.org/W14298219","https://openalex.org/W4234073326","https://openalex.org/W2129585587","https://openalex.org/W1972804960","https://openalex.org/W2998628374","https://openalex.org/W228870880","https://openalex.org/W1510732775"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,40],"aim":[1],"of":[2,33,37,47],"this":[3],"paper":[4],"is":[5],"to":[6],"review":[7],"the":[8,15,30,45],"Dose":[9],"Delivery":[10],"System":[11],"(DDS),":[12],"developed":[13],"by":[14],"National":[16,31],"Center":[17],"for":[18],"Oncological":[19],"Hadrontherapy":[20],"(CNAO),":[21],"Pavia,":[22],"Italy,":[23],"in":[24],"collaboration":[25],"with":[26],"a":[27],"group":[28],"at":[29],"Institute":[32],"Nuclear":[34],"Physics":[35],"(INFN)":[36],"Turin,":[38],"Italy.":[39],"DDS":[41],"controls":[42],"and":[43],"monitors":[44],"delivery":[46],"clinical":[48],"ion":[49],"beams.":[50]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
