{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1893684485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mim.2015.7271219","title":"Instrumenting complex exoskeletons for improved human-robot interaction","display_name":"Instrumenting complex exoskeletons for improved human-robot interaction","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1893684485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mim.2015.7271219","mag":"1893684485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mim.2015.7271219","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mim.2015.7271219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121167460","display_name":"IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine","issn_l":"1094-6969","issn":["1094-6969","1941-0123"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081728582","display_name":"Victor Grosu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3386-0811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Victor Grosu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087927318","display_name":"Carlos Rodriguez\u2010Guerrero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0297-9748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Rodriguez Guerrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091888794","display_name":"Branko Brackx","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Branko Brackx","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017401369","display_name":"Svetlana Grosu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Svetlana Grosu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010914606","display_name":"Bram Vanderborght","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4881-9341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bram Vanderborght","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064738584","display_name":"Dirk Lefeber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-4473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Lefeber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Brussel, BE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Univ. Brussel, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081728582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9993,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8536076,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"5","first_page":"5","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7619867324829102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exoskeleton","display_name":"Exoskeleton","score":0.726830244064331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robotics","display_name":"Robotics","score":0.6584301590919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.6242035627365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5943617820739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5347885489463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5340563058853149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5322551131248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrumentation","display_name":"Instrumentation (computer programming)","score":0.5202385187149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5183926224708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.45297685265541077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013robot-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","score":0.43471696972846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3692537844181061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.2971656918525696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08007889986038208}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7619867324829102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146549078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191944","display_name":"Exoskeleton","level":2,"score":0.726830244064331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.6584301590919495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.6242035627365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5943617820739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5347885489463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5340563058853149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5322551131248474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118530786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134732","display_name":"Instrumentation (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5202385187149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5183926224708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.45297685265541077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145460709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859951","display_name":"Human\u2013robot interaction","level":3,"score":0.43471696972846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3692537844181061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2971656918525696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08007889986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mim.2015.7271219","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mim.2015.7271219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121167460","display_name":"IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine","issn_l":"1094-6969","issn":["1094-6969","1941-0123"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:95092","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/instrumenting-complex-exoskeletons-for-improved-humanrobot-interaction(0c3f6154-b0c7-4886-9000-4a208b5a09ee).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985115778","https://openalex.org/W2001591884","https://openalex.org/W2060281402","https://openalex.org/W2073136132","https://openalex.org/W2104807148","https://openalex.org/W2109159655","https://openalex.org/W2116139612","https://openalex.org/W2132455139","https://openalex.org/W2137669828","https://openalex.org/W2139214287","https://openalex.org/W2149762511","https://openalex.org/W4214945329"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2887985348","https://openalex.org/W2901258812","https://openalex.org/W3017269254","https://openalex.org/W2570835373","https://openalex.org/W2401700601","https://openalex.org/W2557545276","https://openalex.org/W2992534160","https://openalex.org/W1595058678","https://openalex.org/W3022812046","https://openalex.org/W2745830841"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gone":[0],"is":[1,39],"the":[2,48,59,80,91,118],"era":[3],"where":[4],"robots":[5,88],"were":[6],"strictly":[7],"used":[8],"for":[9,47,79,111],"industrial":[10],"automation,":[11],"working":[12],"in":[13,37,42,58,136],"a":[14,43,61,71],"single,":[15],"isolated":[16],"welding":[17],"cell":[18],"from":[19,24],"an":[20],"assembly":[21],"line,":[22],"away":[23],"their":[25],"human":[26],"overlords":[27],"and":[28,56,63,84,116,120,126,133],"relegated":[29],"to":[30,53,108],"repetitive":[31],"brainless":[32],"preprogrammed":[33],"tasks.":[34],"Modern":[35],"robotics":[36],"contrast,":[38],"rapidly":[40],"evolving":[41],"more":[44],"inclusive":[45],"way":[46],"robots,":[49],"bringing":[50],"them":[51],"closer":[52],"us":[54],"humans,":[55],"opening":[57],"process":[60],"huge":[62],"diverse":[64],"spectrum":[65],"of":[66,86,93,122],"applications.":[67],"We":[68],"have":[69],"developed":[70,132],"generic,":[72],"low":[73],"level":[74],"control":[75,85],"(LLC)":[76],"real-time":[77,124],"system":[78,125],"sensor":[81],"data":[82],"acquisition":[83],"complex":[87],"together":[89],"with":[90],"development":[92],"versatile":[94],"electronic":[95,127],"hardware":[96,128],"modules.":[97],"In":[98],"this":[99],"article,":[100],"we":[101,131],"explain":[102],"existing":[103],"exoskeletons,":[104],"propose":[105],"generic":[106],"solutions":[107],"challenges":[109],"considered":[110],"safe":[112],"physical":[113],"human-robot":[114],"interaction,":[115],"describe":[117],"instrumentation":[119],"integration":[121],"our":[123],"modules":[129],"that":[130],"successfully":[134],"deployed":[135],"three":[137],"exoskeleton":[138],"systems.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}