{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3011429124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom47813.2019.9021076","title":"Towards Optimal Cyber Defense Remediation in Cyber Physical Systems by Balancing Operational Resilience and Strategic Risk","display_name":"Towards Optimal Cyber Defense Remediation in Cyber Physical Systems by Balancing Operational Resilience and Strategic Risk","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3011429124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom47813.2019.9021076","mag":"3011429124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/milcom47813.2019.9021076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom47813.2019.9021076","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MILCOM 2019 - 2019 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067871758","display_name":"Kamrul Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9703-5052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","display_name":"Old Dominion University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zjtrb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamrul Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052787847","display_name":"Sachin Shetty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8789-0610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","display_name":"Old Dominion University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zjtrb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachin Shetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006296461","display_name":"Amin Hassanzadeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099672","display_name":"Accenture (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/013g16z83","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093804","https://openalex.org/I4210099672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Hassanzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accenture Cyber Lab, Cyber Fusion Center, Arlington, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accenture Cyber Lab, Cyber Fusion Center, Arlington, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071845094","display_name":"Sharif Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8286-3122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81365321","display_name":"Old Dominion University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zjtrb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharif Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81365321"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.831,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75716312,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.7368050813674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.6879291534423828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/damages","display_name":"Damages","score":0.6680500507354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.6158989667892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5604380369186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.5499019026756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4995560646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-planning","display_name":"Strategic planning","score":0.48287084698677063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.43355774879455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-risk","display_name":"Operational risk","score":0.42061516642570496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.40138623118400574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.26453697681427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.7368050813674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.6879291534423828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777381055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308922","display_name":"Damages","level":2,"score":0.6680500507354736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.6158989667892456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5604380369186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.5499019026756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4995560646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48243021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932522","display_name":"Strategic planning","level":2,"score":0.48287084698677063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.43355774879455566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11489865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944806","display_name":"Operational risk","level":3,"score":0.42061516642570496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.40138623118400574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.26453697681427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/milcom47813.2019.9021076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom47813.2019.9021076","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MILCOM 2019 - 2019 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88407908","https://openalex.org/W1590752147","https://openalex.org/W1976060375","https://openalex.org/W1992208352","https://openalex.org/W2017499417","https://openalex.org/W2114258378","https://openalex.org/W2136442637","https://openalex.org/W2407732742","https://openalex.org/W2551327904","https://openalex.org/W2565409640","https://openalex.org/W2622921428","https://openalex.org/W2754030209","https://openalex.org/W2771043140","https://openalex.org/W2789017731","https://openalex.org/W2805676882","https://openalex.org/W2886157449","https://openalex.org/W2892608421","https://openalex.org/W2898748399","https://openalex.org/W3124360279","https://openalex.org/W4256497308","https://openalex.org/W6635235395","https://openalex.org/W6753827980"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205240985","https://openalex.org/W2314597598","https://openalex.org/W1527183021","https://openalex.org/W3125296675","https://openalex.org/W4235320026","https://openalex.org/W3124239800","https://openalex.org/W2365977737","https://openalex.org/W1577024311","https://openalex.org/W4387399630","https://openalex.org/W2170856278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"prioritized":[1,54],"cyber":[2,55,82],"defense":[3],"remediation":[4,57],"plan":[5,58],"is":[6],"critical":[7,36],"for":[8,53,74],"effective":[9],"risk":[10,56],"management":[11],"in":[12,25,68,119],"cyber-physical":[13],"systems":[14],"(CPS).":[15],"The":[16],"increased":[17],"integration":[18],"of":[19,78,81,91,117,136],"Information":[20],"Technology":[21,23],"(IT)/Operational":[22],"(OT)":[24],"CPS":[26,92],"has":[27],"to":[28,30,33,96,101,111,127],"lead":[29,95],"the":[31,35,79,89,113,129,134,151],"need":[32],"identify":[34],"assets":[37],"which,":[38],"when":[39],"affected,":[40],"will":[41],"impact":[42,116,125],"resilience":[43,62,155],"and":[44,63,76,84,107,115,147,158],"safety.":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"work,":[48],"we":[49,132],"propose":[50,100,133],"a":[51,72,103,137],"methodology":[52],"that":[59,93,142,149],"balances":[60,150],"operational":[61,124,154],"economic":[64],"loss":[65],"(safety":[66],"impacts)":[67],"CPS.":[69,120],"We":[70,99,121],"present":[71],"platform":[73],"modeling":[75],"analysis":[77],"effect":[80],"threats":[83,118],"random":[85],"system":[86],"faults":[87],"on":[88],"safety":[90],"could":[94],"catastrophic":[97],"damages.":[98,130],"develop":[102,122],"data-driven":[104],"attack":[105],"graph":[106],"fault":[108],"graph-based":[109],"model":[110],"characterize":[112],"exploitability":[114],"an":[123],"assessment":[126],"quantify":[128],"Finally,":[131],"development":[135],"strategic":[138],"response":[139],"decision":[140],"capability":[141],"proposes":[143],"optimal":[144],"mitigation":[145],"actions":[146],"policies":[148],"trade-off":[152],"between":[153],"(Tactical":[156],"Risk)":[157],"Strategic":[159],"Risk.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}