{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2565606902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2016.7795410","title":"Digital construction and characterization of noise-like spread spectrum signals","display_name":"Digital construction and characterization of noise-like spread spectrum signals","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2565606902","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2016.7795410","mag":"2565606902"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/milcom.2016.7795410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2016.7795410","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MILCOM 2016 - 2016 IEEE Military Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041528939","display_name":"Donald C. Buzanowski","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald C. Buzanowski","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071517247","display_name":"Frederick J. Block","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6353-4269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederick J. Block","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065503603","display_name":"Thomas C. Royster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5624-8108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122954","display_name":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/022z6jk58","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas C. Royster","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122954"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15930812,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2013","issue":null,"first_page":"700","last_page":"704"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.6056480407714844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.5596296787261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5588605403900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5420752763748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.5058555603027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.48466020822525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.48247697949409485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.44350486993789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.4180397093296051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.38163360953330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3505844473838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3163127601146698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1956767737865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14276140928268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13274669647216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.10012081265449524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.6056480407714844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.5596296787261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5588605403900146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5420752763748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.5058555603027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.48466020822525024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.48247697949409485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.44350486993789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.4180397093296051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38163360953330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3505844473838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3163127601146698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1956767737865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14276140928268433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13274669647216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.10012081265449524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/milcom.2016.7795410","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2016.7795410","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MILCOM 2016 - 2016 IEEE Military Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1714441262","https://openalex.org/W2027337831","https://openalex.org/W2096509667","https://openalex.org/W2108219241","https://openalex.org/W2150528929","https://openalex.org/W2152503234","https://openalex.org/W2160521550","https://openalex.org/W2798333393","https://openalex.org/W6656982536"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2362112362","https://openalex.org/W2304504342","https://openalex.org/W4224302876","https://openalex.org/W1993278628","https://openalex.org/W2150528929","https://openalex.org/W2378348687","https://openalex.org/W1913804044","https://openalex.org/W2131832797","https://openalex.org/W1970319972","https://openalex.org/W2953254336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,12],"new":[1],"method":[2],"for":[3,31],"generating":[4],"digital":[5],"noise-like":[6],"spread":[7],"spectrum":[8],"signals":[9,39,63,67],"is":[10,16],"proposed.":[11],"standard":[13],"binary":[14],"keystream":[15],"used":[17],"to":[18,25],"generate":[19],"a":[20,26,43],"sequence":[21],"of":[22,36,45,48,54],"chips":[23,55],"according":[24],"Gaussian-like":[27],"chip":[28],"amplitude":[29,50],"distribution":[30],"spreading":[32,38],"sequences.":[33],"The":[34,58],"properties":[35],"these":[37],"are":[40,68,84],"investigated":[41],"as":[42,77],"function":[44],"the":[46,61],"number":[47,53],"discrete":[49],"levels":[51],"and":[52,64,81],"per":[56],"symbol.":[57],"similarities":[59],"between":[60],"generated":[62],"random":[65],"Gaussian":[66],"evaluated":[69],"based":[70],"on":[71],"higher-order":[72],"moments.":[73],"Implementation":[74],"considerations,":[75],"such":[76],"peak-to-average":[78],"power":[79],"ratio":[80],"amplifier":[82],"backoff":[83],"also":[85],"considered.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}