{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2214156594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2015.7357465","title":"Ecology-inspired cyber risk model for propagation of vulnerability exploitation in tactical edge","display_name":"Ecology-inspired cyber risk model for propagation of vulnerability exploitation in tactical edge","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2214156594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2015.7357465","mag":"2214156594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/milcom.2015.7357465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2015.7357465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MILCOM 2015 - 2015 IEEE Military Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1275949","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063120551","display_name":"James Morris-King","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James Morris-King","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Science Division, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Science Division, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002845585","display_name":"Hasan \u00c7am","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3531-7003"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasan Cam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Network Science Division, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Network Science Division, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063120551"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81329699,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6666640043258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.6438707113265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5340821743011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5102667808532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.49675971269607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-game","display_name":"Stochastic game","score":0.47573399543762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.449887752532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4461612403392792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agent-based-model","display_name":"Agent-based model","score":0.4418712854385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdependence","display_name":"Interdependence","score":0.4349173307418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability-assessment","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","score":0.43458735942840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.42690014839172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1595120131969452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-resilience","display_name":"Psychological resilience","score":0.1412460207939148}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6666640043258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6438707113265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5340821743011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5102667808532715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.49675971269607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.47573399543762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.449887752532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4461612403392792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780873155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q392811","display_name":"Agent-based model","level":2,"score":0.4418712854385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.4349173307418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167063184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1400839","display_name":"Vulnerability assessment","level":3,"score":0.43458735942840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.42690014839172363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1595120131969452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.1412460207939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/milcom.2015.7357465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcom.2015.7357465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MILCOM 2015 - 2015 IEEE Military Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:1275949","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1275949","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:1275949","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/1275949","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W82133252","https://openalex.org/W208150500","https://openalex.org/W236976727","https://openalex.org/W250771276","https://openalex.org/W1498585374","https://openalex.org/W1577648965","https://openalex.org/W1964790993","https://openalex.org/W1978579711","https://openalex.org/W1980065740","https://openalex.org/W2006012747","https://openalex.org/W2058444591","https://openalex.org/W2073926352","https://openalex.org/W2081192177","https://openalex.org/W2083477206","https://openalex.org/W2104319722","https://openalex.org/W2107686622","https://openalex.org/W2125706471","https://openalex.org/W2140149474","https://openalex.org/W2158923961","https://openalex.org/W2170893095","https://openalex.org/W2547263067","https://openalex.org/W2623233502","https://openalex.org/W2798388459","https://openalex.org/W2894614783","https://openalex.org/W4246635415","https://openalex.org/W4254386461","https://openalex.org/W6609090552","https://openalex.org/W6629791766","https://openalex.org/W6634628877","https://openalex.org/W6739076568","https://openalex.org/W6755325094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139079562","https://openalex.org/W2749324135","https://openalex.org/W3004173571","https://openalex.org/W185206218","https://openalex.org/W2317003863","https://openalex.org/W2058483893","https://openalex.org/W2291356875","https://openalex.org/W2556314044","https://openalex.org/W2089917086","https://openalex.org/W1878265639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"multitude":[1],"of":[2,13,24,28,33,57,70,86,103,113,131,150,184,186],"cyber":[3,35],"vulnerabilities":[4],"on":[5,100,181],"the":[6,11,25,38,55,68,104,108,122,151,182,187,204],"tactical":[7,34,94,105,123],"edge":[8],"arise":[9],"from":[10,203],"mix":[12],"network":[14,61],"infrastructure,":[15],"physical":[16],"hardware":[17],"and":[18,20,45,89,111,135,146,189],"software,":[19],"individual":[21],"user-behavior.":[22],"Because":[23],"inherent":[26],"complexity":[27],"socio-technical":[29],"systems,":[30],"most":[31],"models":[32],"assurance":[36],"omit":[37],"non-physical":[39],"influence":[40,58],"propagation":[41,69,134],"between":[42],"mobile":[43],"systems":[44,115],"users.":[46],"This":[47,96,153],"omission":[48],"leads":[49],"to":[50,79,197,200],"a":[51,60,64,81,93,139,159,163,172],"question:":[52],"how":[53],"can":[54],"flow":[56,91,137],"across":[59],"act":[62],"as":[63,148,158],"proxy":[65],"for":[66],"assessing":[67],"risk?":[71],"Our":[72,125],"contribution":[73],"toward":[74],"solving":[75],"this":[76,168],"problem":[77],"is":[78,98,156,195],"introduce":[80],"dynamic,":[82],"adaptive":[83],"ecosystem-inspired":[84],"model":[85,97,142,169],"vulnerability":[87,132],"exploitation":[88,133],"risk":[90,120,136,193],"over":[92],"network.":[95],"based":[99],"ecological":[101],"characteristics":[102,110],"edge,":[106],"where":[107,176],"heterogeneous":[109],"behaviors":[112],"human-machine":[114],"enhance":[116],"or":[117],"degrade":[118],"mission":[119],"in":[121],"environment.":[124],"approach":[126],"provides":[127],"an":[128],"in-depth":[129],"analysis":[130],"using":[138],"multi-agent":[140,164],"epidemic":[141],"which":[143],"incorporates":[144],"user-behavior":[145,154],"mobility":[147],"components":[149],"system.":[152,165],"component":[155],"expressed":[157],"time-varying":[160],"parameter":[161],"driving":[162],"We":[166],"validate":[167],"by":[170],"conducting":[171],"synthetic":[173],"battlefield":[174],"simulation,":[175],"performance":[177],"results":[178],"depend":[179],"mainly":[180],"level":[183],"functionality":[185],"assets":[188],"services.":[190],"The":[191],"composite":[192],"score":[194],"shown":[196],"be":[198],"proportional":[199],"infection":[201],"rates":[202],"Standard":[205],"Epidemic":[206],"Model.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}