{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2293023497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcis.2015.7348943","title":"On the evaluation of military simulations: towards a taxonomy of assessment criteria","display_name":"On the evaluation of military simulations: towards a taxonomy of assessment criteria","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2293023497","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcis.2015.7348943","mag":"2293023497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/milcis.2015.7348943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcis.2015.7348943","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054818424","display_name":"Mario Golling","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190134885","display_name":"Helmut Schmidt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04e8jbs38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190134885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Golling","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Staff College Clausewitz- Kaserne Manteuffelstra\u00dfe 20, Hamburg, Germany","Helmut-Schmidt-Universit\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Hamburg","Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Staff College Clausewitz- Kaserne Manteuffelstra\u00dfe 20, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmut-Schmidt-Universit\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Hamburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190134885"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111886592","display_name":"Robert Koch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190134885","display_name":"Helmut Schmidt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04e8jbs38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190134885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Koch","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Staff College Clausewitz- Kaserne Manteuffelstra\u00dfe 20, Hamburg, Germany","Helmut-Schmidt-Universit\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Hamburg","Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Staff College Clausewitz- Kaserne Manteuffelstra\u00dfe 20, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helmut-Schmidt-Universit\u00e4t, Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Hamburg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190134885"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009297459","display_name":"Peter Hillmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4346-4510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Hillmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007115238","display_name":"Volker Eiseler","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volker Eiseler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040794817","display_name":"Lars Stiemert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Stiemert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen, Neubiberg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070789960","display_name":"Andres Rekker","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andres Rekker","raw_affiliation_strings":["General Staff College, Clausewitz-Kaserne, Manteuffelstrabe 20, 22587 Hamburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"General Staff College, Clausewitz-Kaserne, Manteuffelstrabe 20, 22587 Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4117,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73076607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13286","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation Systems","score":0.9757999777793884,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9520000219345093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trainer","display_name":"Trainer","score":0.7131066918373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6445439457893372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.5231075286865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5143254995346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/navy","display_name":"Navy","score":0.5074726939201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/netlogo","display_name":"NetLogo","score":0.5025970935821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.4849579334259033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4558105170726776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.44154953956604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.43911871314048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3413095474243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2833859622478485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2728814482688904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780463512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15122700","display_name":"Trainer","level":2,"score":0.7131066918373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6445439457893372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5231075286865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5143254995346069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776746162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4508","display_name":"Navy","level":2,"score":0.5074726939201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167221231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q672307","display_name":"NetLogo","level":2,"score":0.5025970935821533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4849579334259033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4558105170726776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.44154953956604004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.43911871314048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3413095474243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2833859622478485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2728814482688904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/milcis.2015.7348943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcis.2015.7348943","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52176038","https://openalex.org/W129887471","https://openalex.org/W1497631020","https://openalex.org/W1577706335","https://openalex.org/W1629311836","https://openalex.org/W1854577187","https://openalex.org/W1964439345","https://openalex.org/W2044072360","https://openalex.org/W2065759699","https://openalex.org/W2067050450","https://openalex.org/W2105636831","https://openalex.org/W2117767383","https://openalex.org/W2123973720","https://openalex.org/W2148191588","https://openalex.org/W2152139631","https://openalex.org/W2152288238","https://openalex.org/W2158390457","https://openalex.org/W3037786853","https://openalex.org/W4230382012","https://openalex.org/W4234761190","https://openalex.org/W4241087050","https://openalex.org/W4250569889","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602155871","https://openalex.org/W6605202459","https://openalex.org/W6676097807","https://openalex.org/W6678265680","https://openalex.org/W6682705083","https://openalex.org/W6737919741","https://openalex.org/W6780023810"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4224013512","https://openalex.org/W3023917853","https://openalex.org/W2040907244","https://openalex.org/W27898408","https://openalex.org/W2557308315","https://openalex.org/W4253502255","https://openalex.org/W4252443692","https://openalex.org/W2291287845","https://openalex.org/W2077428003","https://openalex.org/W1568813471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,35,38,53,86,90,117,125,133,141,179],"area":[2,134],"of":[3,8,37,52,55,92,119,127,135],"military":[4,73,93,105,136,156],"simulations,":[5],"a":[6,49,121,128,176,185],"multitude":[7],"different":[9],"approaches":[10],"is":[11,68,81,114,144,181],"available.":[12],"\u201dClose":[13],"Combat":[14,19],"Tactical":[15,18,24],"Trainer\u201d,":[16],"\u201dJoint":[17],"Training":[20],"System\u201d,":[21],"\u201dBattle":[22],"Force":[23],"Training\u201d":[25],"or":[26],"\u201dWarfighter\u2019s":[27],"Simulation":[28],"2000\u201d":[29],"are":[30,62,170],"just":[31,48],"some":[32],"examples":[33],"within":[34],"history":[36],"large":[39],"DoD":[40],"Development":[41],"Program":[42],"in":[43,89,97,132],"Modelling":[44],"and":[45,65,160],"Simulation,":[46],"representing":[47],"small":[50],"piece":[51],"variety":[54],"diverse":[56],"solutions.":[57],"Very":[58],"often,":[59],"individual":[60,168],"simulators":[61,159],"very":[63],"unique":[64],"so":[66],"it":[67],"often":[69],"difficult":[70],"to":[71,85,116,124,184],"classify":[72],"simulations":[74,94,106],"even":[75],"for":[76,104,153,158,163],"experienced":[77],"users.":[78],"This":[79],"circumstance":[80],"further":[82],"boosted":[83],"due":[84],"fact":[87],"that":[88],"field":[91,143],"-":[95,100],"unlike":[96],"other":[98],"areas":[99],"no":[101],"general":[102],"classification":[103],"exists.":[107],"To":[108,138],"address":[109],"this":[110,112,139],"shortcoming,":[111],"publication":[113],"dedicated":[115],"idea":[118],"providing":[120],"first":[122],"contribution":[123],"development":[126],"commonly":[129],"accepted":[130],"taxonomy":[131,180],"simulations.":[137],"end,":[140],"problem":[142],"structured":[145],"into":[146],"three":[147],"main":[148],"categories":[149,169],"(general":[150],"functional":[151],"requirements":[152,157,162],"simulators,":[154],"special":[155],"non-functional":[161],"simulators).":[164],"Based":[165],"upon":[166],"that,":[167],"provided":[171],"with":[172],"appropriate":[173],"classes.":[174],"For":[175],"better":[177],"understanding,":[178],"also":[182],"applied":[183],"concrete":[186],"example":[187],"(NetLogo":[188],"Rebellion).":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}